MEDIEVAL SOURCES

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CORBATON sb. not in OED (naut.)

c1350 in J. Tinniswood English galleys, 1272-1377 : Mariner's mirror v. 35 (1949) 292 The corbatons found at Bayonne, c. 1350, have something to do with knees or compass timber, for the N.E.D. records cour-baston to mean `futtock' in 16ll.

note: see OED2 futtock 1. quot. 1611

etym: see Kahane, Kahane & Tietze (1958) The Lingua Franca in the Levant 190 The nautical term [Turk. körbaston < Venetian *corbastón], the designation of the `small knee', spreads probably from Catalan, since it is there that the variant corbató develops from corbat `crooked'.


BOTTOM sb. (cf. 7.a.) new meaning (naut.)

1295 in J. Tinniswood English galleys, 1272-1377 : Mariner's mirror v. 35 (1949) 286 The keel was generally called `the bottom' by the Latin fundum, but we have the English cule (Lyme), also butme (Southampton)..


DUNNAGE sb. antedates 1497

1336 in J. Tinniswood English galleys, 1272-1377 : Mariner's mirror v. 35 (1949) 291 boards pro dennagio for [the galley] La Phelipe


BAIL sb.5 antedates 1466

1336 in J. Tinniswood English galleys, 1272-1377 : Mariner's mirror v. 35 (1949) 299 [the galley] La Phelipe had two of these [windlass pumps], the buckets being called wyndyngbalies


WINDING vbl. sb.1 5. antedates 1440

1336 in J. Tinniswood English galleys, 1272-1377 : Mariner's mirror v. 35 (1949) 299 [the galley] La Phelipe had two of these [windlass pumps], the buckets being called wyndyngbalies


CLEAT sb. antedates 1377

1295 in J. Tinniswood English galleys, 1272-1377 : Mariner's mirror v. 35 (1949) 306 cletes


WORSTED sb. antedates 1296

1295 in J. Tinniswood English galleys, 1272-1377 : Mariner's mirror v. 35 (1949) 313 worrested [for banners and streamers]


ANCHOR-STOCK antedates 1302

1295 in J. Tinniswood English galleys, 1272-1377 : Mariner's mirror v. 35 (1949) 314 ankerstok


CLINKER sb.3 antedates 1656

1294 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 162 Item in stipendis duorum hominum repercuscium claues, videlicet Clynckers..

trans: Item: for the wages of two men "back-hammering" nails, i.e. clinkers (AHH)

note: these are the men who clinch the ends of the nails securing the hull-planking (AHH)


CHALDER1 antedates 1300

1294 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 162 Item in dimidia celdra Carbonum..

trans: Item: for [the purchase of] a half chalder of coal.. (AHH)


DISPENSER antedates 1297

1294 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 162 Item in uno ligno empto de Willelmo le Despenser

trans: Item: for [the purchase of] a timber bought from William the Dispenser.. [sense 2.] (AHH)


BUZON sb. not in OED

1294 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 163 cum quinque buzonis ferri facti ad fundum Galee Jugendum.

trans: with 5 iron bolts made for joining the keel of the galley (AHH)

etym: may be a gallicizing hapax; cf. Fr. boulon, OFr. boljon/boldon/bolzon `bolt' (Greimas Dic. de l'ancien français), cognate with Eng. bolt (AHH)


STONE sb. 14.a. [antedates 139.]

[1294 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 163 In ij petris de Burre..]

trans: for [the purchase of] 2 stone of burr (AHH)


SAPIN antedates 1323

1294 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 163 In xxx cheueronibus de Sapp[ino] ad sticos faciendos pro Galea supponenda

trans: for [the purchase of] 30 fir beams for making pieces of wood for supporting the galley (AHH)


SCAFFOLD sb. antedates 1349

1294 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 163 In xx cheueronibus..ad scaffaldum faciendum pro Galea

trans: for [the purchase of] 20 beams..for the building of a scaffold for the galley (AHH)


ALN obs. antedates 1589

new var.

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 164 In iiijor Centenis Bordarum de Elne..

trans: for [the purchase of] 400 alder boards (AHH)

note: the initial e- suggests a misreading for elm, but the word is transcribed elne in several other places in the text (AHH)


ALN obs. etym.

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 164 In iiijor Centenis Bordarum de Elne..

trans: for [the purchase of] 400 alder boards (AHH)

note: the initial e- suggests a misreading for elm, but the word is transcribed elne in several other places in the text (AHH)

etym: OFr. alne (Fr. aune) `alder' (AHH)


CORBEIL [antedates 1706

new meaning]

[1295 in Archaeologia aelian ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 165 In vno corbello..]

trans: for [the purchase of] a basket (AHH)


CARRY v. [antedates 1320]

[1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 166 pro duabus Batellatis eiusdem Maeremii cariandis vsque ad placeam Galee]

trans: for transporting two boatloads of the wood to the galley's location (AHH)


KIST sb.1 antedates 1300

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 166 In lx bordis que vocantur Kyst Holte

trans: for [the purchase of] 60 boards called Kyst Holte [chest-wood] (AHH)


KIST(-HOLT) sb.1 not in OED

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 166 In lx bordis que vocantur Kyst Holte

trans: for [the purchase of] 60 boards called Kyst Holte [chest-wood] (AHH)

BROD sb.1 5.a. early dated example

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 168 In cc clavis ferri videlicet, Brod et Tyngel

trans: for [the purchase of] 200 iron nails, namely brads and tingle-nails (AHH)


TASK sb. 2. [antedates 1300]

[1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 170 in eisdem arboribus ibidem onerandis in Batell[o] cum eisdem cariandis vsque ad placeam Galeam [sic] et ibidem exonerandis ad tachiam]

trans: for loading said trees into a boat, transporting them to the galley's [building-]location and unloading them, towards fulfillment of the task (AHH)


SERVE v.1 54. [antedates 1627]

[1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 175 vna corda..ad deserviendum cabul[is] in foraminibus Galee dum fuit trahenda]

trans: a cord..for serving the cables in the [?hawse-]holes of the galley while it was being dragged (AHH)

note: I don't know whether this should be entered as a new meaning of DESERVE (AHH)


HAWSER antedates 1338

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 175 In v Haucer[iis] vj aliis Cordis

trans: for [the purchase of] 5 hawsers [and] 6 other ropes (AHH)


CLINKER sb.3 6. etym.

1163 in A. Jal Glossaire nautique (1848-50) s.v. Clincabcot. Dans une charte donnée par Philippe, conte de Flandre, en 1163, et citée par Carpentier, on lit: "De nave, quæ est Clincabcot, duodecim denarios." Le copiste de la charte se trompa certainement en écrivant Clincabcot; il devait écrire Clinc-boot, bateau à clin.

trans: In a charter granted by Philippe, Count of Flanders, in 1163, and cited by Carpentier, one reads: "For a ship, or Clincabcot, 12 denarii." The copyist of the charter certainly was mistaken in writing Clincabcot; he should have written Clinc-boot, clinker-built boat.

note: prob a misreading of clincaboot (AHH)


KEY sb.2 [antedates 1306]

[1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 176 de Riuulo vsque ad Kayam]

trans: from the stream to the key/quay (AHH)


SCOOP sb.1 1.a. antedates 1330

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 177 In duabus Skopis emptis ad proiciendam aquam de Galea

trans: for two scoops bought for bailing water from the galley (AHH)


CRANE sb.1 3. antedates 1725

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 178 ad cranam Gubernilis

trans: for the "rudder-crane" [meaning unclear] (AHH)


AZURE antedates 1325

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 179 vna libra de azure

trans: one pound of azure [for use in painting the galley] (AHH)


ORPIMENT antedates 1310

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 179 In ouis ad Glayr pro orpyment distemperando

trans: for [the purchase of] eggs for [making] glair for distempering orpiment (AHH)


GLAIR sb.1 antedates 13..

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 179 In ouis ad Glayr pro orpyment distemperando

trans: for [the purchase of] eggs for [making] glair for distempering orpiment (AHH)


CINNABAR antedates 1382

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 180 vna libra de Cynopre, vna libra de Ocre, et vna libra de Brune

trans: one pound of cinnabar, one pound of ochre, and one pound of brown (AHH)


BROWN sb. 1.c. antedates 1549

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 180 vna libra de Cynopre, vna libra de Ocre, et vna libra de Brune

trans: one pound of cinnabar, one pound of ochre, and one pound of brown (AHH)


OCHRE sb. antedates 1398

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 180 vna libra de Cynopre, vna libra de Ocre, et vna libra de Brune

trans: one pound of cinnabar, one pound of ochre, and one pound of brown (AHH)


PULLEY sb.1 antedates 1324

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 181 In vno pulyfo empto..

trans: for a pulley purchased.. (AHH)


STANDARD sb. 19. [antedates 1450]

[1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 182 In vno ligno vnde Standardum fiebat..]

trans: for [the purchase of] a piece of wood from which a/the standard was made (AHH)


FLAIL sb. 3. antedates 1450

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) In vno ligno empto..ad flaell' Gubernilis

trans: for a piece of wood bought..for the tiller [?; lit. `flail of the rudder'] (AHH)


PANEL sb.1 8[?]. antedates 1489

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 183 tribus ligaminibus ferri ad panell[os] Castri

trans: for [the purchase of] three iron bands for the bulwark [aut sim.] of the ship's] castle (AHH)


BRAND sb. new meaning

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 183 In C de folio argenti ad brand' Galee depingend'..

trans: for [the purchase of] 100 pieces of silver-leaf for decorating the galley's stem (AHH)

etym: cf. A. Jal Glossaire nautique (1848-50) s.v. brant: Le cap du navire..; le sommet de son étrave; son éperon.

trans: the head of the ship..the top of its stem; its beak (AHH)

Jal quotes Wace's Roman de Rou (c1160):

Sor li chief de la nef devant

(le marinier apelent brant)

trans: over the ship's head forward (which sailors call the brant) (AHH)

etym: The Norman Fr. word is probably of Scandinavian origin; cf. ON brandar (pl. of brandr) `ship's beak' in a verse of Rognvald Kali (c1150) cited in E. Gordon An introduction to Old Norse (1957) 156 (AHH)


GEMEL antedates 1382

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) In..tribus paribus gemell[arum] ad Wykett' Bargie

trans: for [the purchase of] three hinge-pairs for the barge's door (AHH)


SERGE antedates 1382

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 184 In lxxvj vlnis Sargie..ad Baner[ia] Galee

trans: for [the purchase of] 76 ells of serge..for the galley's banner (AHH)


COTTON sb.1 antedates 1300

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) vna quarteria de Cotun

trans: a quarter of cotton (AHH)


INDE Obs. antedates 1300

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 185 vna Quarteria de ynde

trans: a quarter of inde (AHH)


CREEPER 5. antedates 1400

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 186 j Creper

note: from ship's inventory


GIRDING vbl. sb.1 antedates 1388

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 186 ij Gyrdyngis

note: in ship's inventory


DRIVEL sb.1 3. antedates 1431

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 186 j Dryuel

note: in ship's inventory


BUOY sb. antedates 1466

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 186 j Boye

note: in ship's inventory


CUVE obs. antedates 14..

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 186 Cuue

note: in ship's inventory


WARNESTORE sb. obs. 1. antedates 1300

1295 in Archaeologia aeliana ser. 4 vol. II (1926) 185 Canabi..ad Warnesturam pro velo emendando

trans: [for the purchase] of hemp..as stores for the repair of a sail (AHH)


COUNTER-ROLL antedates 1613

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 222 Contrarotulus expensarum..

trans: counter-roll of the expenses..


EXPENSE 2. antedates 1382

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 222 Contrarotulus expensarum..

trans: counter-roll of the expenses


CONSTRUCTION 1.a. antedates 1432-50

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 222 Contrarotulus expensarum positarum in construccione Galee

trans: counter-roll of the expenses laid out in the building of the galley


SUPERVISOR 1. antedates 1454

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 222 supervisores


BAILIFF 1. antedates 1297

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 222 Balliui [genit. sg.]


WAGE sb. 2. antedates 13..

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 222 pro vadiis duorum garcionum querencium

trans: for the wages of two pages


GARCION antedates 13..

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 222 pro vadiis duorum garcionum querencium

trans: for the wages of two pages


LOCATION 1. antedates 1592

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 222 in locacione equorum portancium instrumenta eorundem

trans: for the hire of horses to bring their tools


PORTANCE new meaning

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 222 in locacione equorum portancium instrumenta eorundem

trans: for the hire of horses to bring their tools

meaning: transport (AHH)


BOARDER new meaning

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 224 pro vadiis .x. bordaris

trans: for the wages of 10 plankers


TENANT new meaning

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 224 pro vadiis x tenencium contra Clenchatores

trans: for the wages of 10 holders-up against the clenchers


CUSTODIAN antedates 1781

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 224 in stipendiis .ij. Garcionum custodiencium Meremium

trans: for the wages of two boys to keep the wood

Note: I assume that custodiencium is in apposition with Garcionum. (AHH)


OPERATION antedates 1386

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 224 Fabris pro operacione xijc de ferro

trans: to the smiths for working up 12 cwt. of iron


TRUNK sb. 1.a. antedates 1490

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 224 Trunc' pro Maeremio

trans: tree-trunks for wood


REPARATION 3.a. antedates 1400

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 224 tercio fabro pro reparacione iijc ferri

trans: to a third smith for remaking 3 cwt. of iron


ALLOCATION antedates 1535

new meaning

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 225 pro allocacione alterius domus

trans: for the rent of another house

Note: Dauzat et al. (Nouveau dictionnaire étymologique et historique (1971)) s.v. allouer contend Fr. allocation was made up in Fr. on the model of louer/location, from which I infer that they believe it never existed as a "real" Latin word. It is probably safe to assume that here allocacion- is Anglo-Fr. in Latin dress.


BARREL 1.a. antedates 1305

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 226 pro tribus barillis de pice

trans: for three barrels of pitch


BARREL etym.

Dauzat et al. (Nouveau dictionnaire étymologique et historique (1971)) s.v. baril cite OFr barriclos (late 9c.) which they derive from Vulg. Lat. *barriculus of obscure origin


PEISAGE obs. antedates 1321

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 226 pro vno pessagio de vncto

trans: for a weigh of grease

Note: the Latin form, if it ever existed, would have been *pesaticum. The present form is a latinization of Ofr. pesage (AHH)


CARPENTER 1. antedates 1325

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 228 pro vno carpentario

trans: for a carpenter


CHEVRON sb.1 1. antedates 1300

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 228 pro Cheueronis

trans: for spars


BRUAR not in OED

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 228 pro..bruar'

trans: for..heather

Note: cf. Fr. bruyère `heather'


TRAVE sb. antedates 1395

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) pro trabe secata

trans: for a sawn beam


COFFIN sb.2 antedates 1380

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 230 in vj cofinis de Rosine

trans: for 6 boxes of rosin


ROSIN sb. antedates 1350

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 230 in vj cofinis de Rosine

trans: for 6 boxes of rosin


COSTAGE antedates 1327

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 231 pro custagio

trans: for the expenses

Note: the Latin word, if it ever existed, would have been *costaticum. This is a latinization of Anglo-Fr. costage (AHH)


HINGE sb. antedates 1380

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 231 pro enges et spikingges ad castellum

trans: for hinges and spikings for the castle

Note: Onions cites Cursor mundi c1300 (AHH)


ARMATURE 1. antedates 1669

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 232 omnia armatura dicte galee

trans: all the gear for the said galley


BATELLE antedates 1330

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 232 pro empcione batell

trans: for the purchase of a boat


EMPTION 1. antedates 1461

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 232 pro empcione batell

trans: for the purchase of a boat


ROLL sb.1 15.a. antedates 1427

1294-95 in R.C. Anderson English galleys in 1295: Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 234 ad faciend' Ruyles

trans: to make rollers [for launching a ship]


BARGE sb.1 1.a. antedates 1300

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 429 pro eadem bargea


GARNITURE 1.a. antedates 1532

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 427 garnesturis

trans: equipping [of a galley] (AHH)


PALIS sb. 1. antedates 1300

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 427 pro uno palicio faciendo

trans: for building a stockade (AHH)


GARB sb.1 new meaning

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 428 in..viii. garbis ferri

trans: for 8 sheaves of iron (cf. sheaf sb. 2.a.) (AHH)


OSMUND 1. early example

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 428 in..viii. garbis ferri quod dicitur Osemund

trans: for 8 sheaves of (the type of) iron called osmund (AHH)


GUDGEON sb.2 new var.

1848-50 A. Jal Glossaire nautique s.v. femelot, goojin


ROSIL sb. antedates 14..

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 428 in..cepo, rosilio, pinguedine..

trans: for tallow, rosil, grease (AHH)


PULLEY sb.1 antedates 1324

antedates 1386 (for type g)

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 428 cum una polliua

trans: with one pulley (AHH)


RACK ?sb.2 antedates 1305

new meaning

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 428 cum una polliua et racka

trans: with one pulley and a "rack" (AHH)

Note: 1848-50 A. Jal Glossaire nautique s.v. racca, "Anquina, Racca" Gloss. lat. et angl.-sax. de Mone (xe siècle)

trans: "parrel, rack" Latin-Anglo-Saxon glossary of Mona, 10c. (AHH)

Note: meaning in the passage from Johnson is uncertain (AHH)


ELARGE v. not in OED

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 429 pro velo elargando

trans: for enlarging a sail (AHH)

Note: cf. elargement, enlarge in OED (AHH)


WORSTED sb. early example

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 429 una pecia de Worsted


ENROL v. 1. antedates 1350

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 428 expensis unius clerici particulas ejusdem galie irrotulantis

trans: for the expenses of one clerk enroling the particulars of said galley (AHH)


PLATEAU sb.1 cf. 2.a. ? new meaning

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 428 platellis [ablat. pl.]

Note: a vessel for use on board (AHH)


EMENDATION antedates 1536

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 429 emendacio ejusdem galie

trans: alterations to said galley (AHH)


STREAM sb. 8. antedates 1440

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 429 una seilyerd, una strema

trans: one sail-yard, one pennant (AHH)


SCOOP sb.1 1.a. antedates 1330

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 430 scopis [ablat. pl.]

Note: cf. 1382-84 in C. Bréard Le compte de clos des galées de Rouen au XIVe s. (1893) 68 escoppes à geter eaue

trans: scoops for bailing (AHH)


SUPERPLUSAGE antedates 1450

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 431 Et habent de superplusagio..

trans: And they have left over [a sum of money]


HANK sb. antedates 1388

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 431 in cordis que dicuntur..Hanekes

trans: for ropes called hanks (AHH)


TOW-ROPE antedates 1743

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 431 in cordis que dicuntur..Baksteyen, Towrop'..

trans: for ropes called..back-stays, tow-ropes.. (AHH)


PITCH(-POT) sb.1 5. antedates 1719

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 432 in vii. ollis que dicuntur `Pichpottes' ad galeam predictam

trans: for 7 jars called `pitch-pots' for the said galley (AHH)


SHOUT sb.1 antedates 13..

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 432 in duobus portitoribus quandam schutam cum meremio carcantibus

trans: for two porters for loading a certain shout with timber (AHH)


BILLET sb.2 1.a. antedates 1361

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 432 Item in m1. busce que dicitur `Bileth'..pro clavis ligneis ad galeam predictam

trans: Item, for 1000 sticks of wood called `billets'..for trenails for the said galley (AHH)


BUSH sb.1 new meaning

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 432 Item in m1. busce que dicitur `Bileth'..pro clavis ligneis ad galeam predictam

trans: Item, for 1000 sticks of wood called `billets'..for trenails for the said galley (AHH)


ROLLER sb.1 antedates 1434

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 433 rolleres [for launching a galley]


PICK sb.1 antedates 1340

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 433 in stipendis lvii. hominum pikoysis terram sub galea fodiencium

trans: for wages for 57 men digging earth out from under the galley with picks


PICK sb.1 etym.

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 433 in stipendis lvii. hominum pikoysis terram sub galea fodiencium

trans: for wages for 57 men digging earth out from under the galley with picks

note: pikoys = OFr. picois `pick' which may be the etymon of the Eng. word (AHH)


SOUNDING-LEAD antedates 1485

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 436 in duobus plumbis qui dicuntur `Sundingleden'

trans: for two pieces of lead called `sounding-leads' (AHH)


RED LEAD 1. antedates 1450

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 436 in xxiii.li. unius coloris que dicitur `Redled'

trans: for 23 lbs. of paint called `red lead' (AHH)


VERMILION sb. 1. antedates 1296

1295 in C. Johnson London shipbuilding, A.D. 1295: The Antiquaries Journal (Oct. 1927) 436 in tribus libris vermilionis

trans: for three pounds of vermilion (AHH)


(REVERSE) CLINKER not in OED (naut.)

1994 G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping 11

the hull was built in `reverse clinker' technique-that is, with each strake fastened to the inside of the strake below


COG sb.1 1. antedates 1325

1210 in G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping (1994) 15

King John hired five Frisian cogs for his expedition to Ireland in 1210


DOCK sb.3 4.a. antedates 1486

1416 in G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping (1994) 24

dok


SHELL-FIRST not in OED (naut.)

1994 G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping 36

The clinker method is termed `shell-first' construction


FRAME-FIRST not in OED (naut.)

1994 G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping 36

`frame-first' [construction], where a complete skeleton of frames is erected, totally defining the form of the hull, before the planks are applied to it.


CARRACK antedates 1386

a1377 in G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping (1994) 42-3

This term makes its earliest appearance in a letter of Edward III in which he wrote of `great ships of Genoa, commonly called carakes'


DOUBLE sb. 3. new meaning (naut.)

1420 in G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping (1994) 49-50

five wooden buoys called `dobles'


CENTRE OF LATERAL RESISTANCE not in OED (naut.)

1994 G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping 59

The hull of a vessel has a theoretical pivot point, called the centre of lateral resistance, which is in the middle of the submerged mass of the hull.


BAKER'S OLD RULE not in OED (naut.)

1994 G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping 93

It was not until the sixteenth century that empiric tunnage was converted into the formula, known as `Baker's old rule', of (keel x beam x depth) 100 = tons burden.


STIVE sb. not in OED

late 15c. in G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping (1994) 112

The Southampton steward's accounts for the end of the fifteenth century record that the town hired out equipment called `styves' (from the Italian stivare, to stow) for unloading the Italian galleys.


CRANE-GARTH sb. not in OED

1417 in G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping (1994) 112

The crane garth at York, the place where all waterborne cargoes owned by non-citizens had to be landed, weighed, checked and charged toll


VINTRY b. antedates 1456

1376 in G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping (1994) 114

Vintry


HAND(-FRAME) sb. 63.c./d. not in OED

1994 G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping 131

The [fishing-]line might be wound on a hand frame


ROUNDHAUL NET ? not in OED

1994 G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping 133

A roundhaul net could be operated between two boats.


BULLY-STONE sb. not in OED

1994 G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping 138

pilchard fishermen [in Cornwall] used a disc-shaped `bully stone' repeatedly dashing it into the water to frighten back the fish.


ARREST v. new meaning

1994 G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping 149

the king's right to `arrest' merchant ships and their crews-that is, to requisition them in return for payment of compensation


EXCLUSE sb. not in OED

1212 in G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping 150

the exclusa for galleys at Portsmouth was to be strongly walled and storehouses were to be built

note: cf. sluice, OF escluse (AHH)


(IN) TRANSIT sb. new meaning (naut.)

1994 G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping 170

Two objects are said to be `in transit' when one is directly in front of the other.


TRANSIT(-LINE) sb. not in OED (naut.)

1994 G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping 170

Stakes are also used as leading marks in transit lines. Two objects are said to be `in transit' when one is directly in front of the other.


FEEDING sb. new meaning (naut.)

1994 G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping 178

Lodestones were needed for frequent `feeding' of the medieval compass.

note: = remagnetization of the compass-needle; cf. Sp. cebar, (lit.) `to feed', and also in the same nautical sense (T. O'Scanlan Diccionario marítimo español (1831) s.v. cebar) (AHH)


RUNNING(-GLASS) vbl. sb. 17. not in OED (naut.)

1994 G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping 178

rennyng glass

note: author glosses as `sandglass'


NAVICULUM sb. not in OED (naut.)

1994 G. Hutchinson Medieval ships and shipping 178

A portable sundial, termed a naviculum because it is in the shape of a ship


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