Soc.3155 Homework 4 Answers
11.6 The column percentages are:
|
Alertness |
Partic. |
Nonpartic. |
Total |
|
High |
67.6 |
45.5 |
56.7 |
|
Low |
32.3 |
54.5 |
43.3 |
|
Total |
100 |
100 |
100 |
A greater percentage of participants in pet therapy
reported having high alertness, compared to nonparticipants.
The calculations for the
H0:
No association in the population between alertness and participation in pet
therapy program.
HA:
There is association in the population.
|
Cell |
fo |
fe |
fo - fe |
(fo - fe)2 |
(fo -fe )2/fe |
|
Part., high |
23 |
19.3 |
3.7 |
13.69 |
0.71 |
|
Part., low |
11 |
14.7 |
- 3.7 |
13.69 |
0.93 |
|
Non., high |
15 |
18.7 |
- 3.7 |
13.69 |
0.73 |
|
Non., low |
18 |
14.3 |
3.7 |
13.69 |
0.96 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.33 (Calculated Χ2) |
Critical Value: Χ2 (1) = 3.84 (.05
level)
Retain H0: There is no evidence of association between
participation in pet therapy and alertness in the population.
Other measures:
Lambda:
Alertness is the dependent variable.
Method
1: Predict “High” for all 67 cases; E1
= 29
Method
2: Predict “High” for participants
errors = 11
Predict “Low” for nonparticipants,
errors = 15 E2 = 26
L =
(29-26)/29 = .103 Indicates a
weak association between pet therapy and alertness.
Gamma: PA
= (23)(18) = 414 PD = 15(11) = 165
G = (PA - PD)/(PA + PD)
=(414 - 165)/(414 + 165) = .43 Indicates a moderate positive
association.
Summary: There
is somewhat higher alertness among those who participate in pet therapy but the
relationship is not generalizable to the
population. Lambda indicates that
participation in the program contributes little to the prediction of alertness,
and Gamma shows a moderate consistency of rankings among the cases in the
cells. If the goal is to draw
conclusions about the effect of this program in the population, I would use the
SPSS Part 1: The
relevant parts of the SPSS output are:
Crosstabs
|
got
into fight |
052D06F: R likes to
take risks sometimes. |
Total |
|||||
|
|
DISAGREE:(1) |
MOST DIS:(2) |
NEITHER:(3) |
MOST AGR:(4) |
AGREE:(5) |
|
|
|
|
Did not |
140 |
157 |
306 |
398 |
176 |
1177 |
|
|
|
90.3% |
92.9% |
90.3% |
89.8% |
77.2% |
88.2% |
|
|
Did |
15 |
12 |
33 |
45 |
52 |
157 |
|
|
|
9.7% |
7.1% |
9.7% |
10.2% |
22.8% |
11.8% |
|
Total |
155 |
169 |
339 |
443 |
228 |
1334 |
|
|
|
100.0% |
100.0% |
100.0% |
100.0% |
100.0% |
100.0% |
|
|
shoplifted |
052D06F: R likes to
take risks sometimes. |
Total |
|||||
|
|
DISAGREE:(1) |
MOST DIS:(2) |
NEITHER:(3) |
MOST AGR:(4) |
AGREE:(5) |
|
|
|
|
Did not |
135 |
143 |
271 |
322 |
141 |
1012 |
|
|
|
87.1% |
84.6% |
79.9% |
72.9% |
62.1% |
76.0% |
|
|
Did |
20 |
26 |
68 |
120 |
86 |
320 |
|
|
|
12.9% |
15.4% |
20.1% |
27.1% |
37.9% |
24.0% |
|
Total |
155 |
169 |
339 |
442 |
227 |
1332 |
|
|
|
100.0% |
100.0% |
100.0% |
100.0% |
100.0% |
100.0% |
|
|
had 5 or more drinks |
052D06F: R likes to
take risks sometimes. |
Total |
|||||
|
|
DISAGREE:(1) |
MOST DIS:(2) |
NEITHER:(3) |
MOST AGR:(4) |
AGREE:(5) |
|
|
|
|
Did not |
127 |
137 |
236 |
292 |
109 |
901 |
|
|
|
87.6% |
82.5% |
74.2% |
68.4% |
49.8% |
70.7% |
|
|
DId |
18 |
29 |
82 |
135 |
110 |
374 |
|
|
|
12.4% |
17.5% |
25.8% |
31.6% |
50.2% |
29.3% |
|
Total |
145 |
166 |
318 |
427 |
219 |
1275 |
|
|
|
100.0% |
100.0% |
100.0% |
100.0% |
100.0% |
100.0% |
|
|
drove after drinking |
052D06F: R likes to
take risks sometimes. |
Total |
|||||
|
|
DISAGREE:(1) |
MOST DIS:(2) |
NEITHER:(3) |
MOST AGR:(4) |
|||