Review for Final

 

Goals: Be able to…

•           Describe how bryophytes differ and are similar to the other 3 major land plant groups.

•           Differentiate between bryophytes: liverworts, hornworts, and mosses.

•           Draw the moss life cycle.

 

Goals: Be able to…

•           Recognize differences and similarities between bryophytes, pteridophytes, and seed plants.

•           Recognize a plant as a pteridophyte: lycophyta (club mosses) and pterophyta (whisk ferns, horsetails, and ferns).

•           List the functions of true roots, leaves, and stems, and define “true.”

•           Distinguish between megaphyll, microphyll, and sporophyll; antheridium and archegonium; gametophyte and sporophyte; sporangium, spore and sori.

•           Draw the fern life cycle.

 

Which of the following is a stage of the fern life cycle?

  1. Fertilization occurs when megaspores and microspores unite.
  2. The embryo sac is the megagametophyte.
  3. Nonmotile sperm access the egg through the pollen tube.
  4. Spores produce sporophytes through mitosis.
  5. Sporophytes produce spores through meiosis.

 

Goals: Be able to…

•          Describe 3 major developments in seed plants and why they are advantageous for life on land.

•          Describe heterospory.

•          Specify how the seed plant life cycle is different from the seedless plant life cycle.

•          Draw the generic seed plant life cycle

 

Goals: Be able to…

•          Describe 4 clades of gymnosperms

•          Describe conifer adaptations for arid conditions

•          Draw the pine life cycle

 

Which of the following is not an advantage of producing seeds?

A) Seeds have a hard seed coat to prevent desiccation.

B) Seeds and their fruits are a means of seed dispersal.

C) Seeds have a supply of food to feed the germinating plant.

D) Seeds germinate irregularly so that they can survive periods of adverse conditions.

E) Seeds germinate immediately so that natural populations are maintained.

 

Gymnosperms differ from ferns in that gymnosperms

A) produce seeds.

B) have macrophylls.

C) have pollen.

D) Both A and C are correct.

E) A, B, and C are correct.

 

Goals: Be able to…

•          Differentiate between monocots and dicots

•          Draw a generic flower, complete with all four circles of modified leaves

•          Describe where fruits come from on a flower

•          Describe the features of different types of pollination and dispersal mechanisms.

•          Distinguish between pollination and dispersal

•          Draw the lily life cycle (including embryo sac and endosperm)

 

The following are all true concerning the sporophyte or gametophyte generations in flowering plants except

  1. the flower is composed of gametophyte tissue only.
  2. the sporophyte generation is what we see when observing a plant.
  3. the gametophyte generation consists of relatively few cells within the flower.
  4. the sporophyte generation is dominant.
  5. unlike ferns, the gametophyte generation is not free living

 

Which of the following is the correct order of floral organs from the outside to the inside of a complete flower?

A) spores-gametes-zygote-embryo

B) male gametophyte-female gametophyte-sepals-petals

C) sepals-stamens-petals-carpels

D) petals-sepals-stamens-carpels

E) sepals-petals-stamens-carpels

 

What is the result of double fertilization in angiosperms?

A) The endosperm develops into a diploid nutrient tissue.

B) A triploid zygote is formed.

C) Two embryos develop in every seed.

D) The fertilized polar nuclei develop into the seed coat.

E) Both a diploid embryo and triploid endosperm are formed.

 

Fruits develop from

A) receptacles.

B) fertilized eggs.

C) ovaries.

D) ovules.

E) microsporangia

 

Which of the following is not a fundamental difference between monocot and dicot morphology and anatomy? Monocots have __________, while dicots have __________.

A) fibrous roots; taproots

B) one cotyledon; two cotyledons

C) vascular bundles in a ring; vascular bundles scattered throughout the stem

D) parallel veins; net veins

E) flower parts in threes, flower parts in fours or fives

 

In flowering plants, pollen is released from the

A) sepal.

B) pollen tube.

C) anther.

D) carpel.

E) stigma.

 

Goals: Be able to…

Discuss ways in which plants differ from animals.

Describe the basic structure and functions of the 3 plant organs.

Identify modified plant organs.

Describe the general structure and function of the 3 plant tissues.

Draw the structure of plant cell walls.

Differentiate between different types of plant cells in terms of structure and function.

 

Root hairs are most important to a plant because they

A) anchor a plant in the soil.

B) store starches.

C) provide a habitat for nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

D) contain xylem tissue.

E) increase the surface area for absorption.

 

Goals: Be able to…

•           Explain the general movement of water, gases, and sugar within the plant body.

•           Use the concept of water potential to predict water movement in response to concentration and pressure changes.

•           Describe the movement and regulation of water through a plant root.

•           Describe how transpiration works.

 

Which of the following is true concerning the water potential of a plant cell?

A) It becomes higher when K+ ions are actively moved into the cell.

B) It is equal to zero when the cell is in pure water and is turgid.

C) It becomes lower after the uptake of water by osmosis.

D) It is the same as air.

E) It becomes lower when K+ ions leaves the cell.

 

What provides the energy for water transport upward in the xylem?

A) sucrose

B) ATP

C) adherence of water molecules to hydrophilic xylem cell walls

D) proton gradients

E) the sun

 

The amount and direction of movement of water in plants can always be predicted by measuring

A) dissolved solutes.

B) air pressure.

C) water potential, Y.

D) rainfall.

E) proton gradients.

 

The Casparian strip depicted in the adjacent figure forces solutes to pass through the

A) apoplastic pathway

B) cortex

C) phloem

D) epidermis

E) symplastic pathway

 

Goals: Be able to…

List basic plant requirements, sources, and how the plant uses them.

Describe the properties of a soil that is good for plant growth.

Discuss issues surrounding irrigation

 

Goals: Be able to…

Describe the basic process of signaling.

Explain the basic mechanism behind positive phototropism.

List some functions of each of the plant hormones.

Describe how the balance of cytokinin:auxin maintains root:shoot ratios.

Define gravitropism and thigmotropism.

 

The classic experiment depicted in the figure below showed that the tip of the coleoptile releases a chemical messenger that:

A) stimulates different bending responses depending upon the time of day

B) differs in concentration on different sides of the plant

C) stimulates cell elongation

D) inhibits cell elongation

E) Both B and C are correct.