Sociology 3315
Department of Sociology and Anthropology
UMD

NORMS

RULES OF CONDUCT THAT SPECIFY APPROPRIATE BEHAVIOR IN A GIVEN RANGE OF SOCIAL CONTEXTS. A NORM EITHER PRESCRIBES A GIVEN TYPE OF BEHAVIOR, OR FORBIDS IT. ALL HUMAN GROUPS FOLLOW DEFINITE TYPES OF NORMS, WHICH ARE ALWAYS BACKED BY SANCTIONS OF ONE KIND OR ANOTHER -- VARYING FROM INFORMAL DISAPPROVAL TO PHYSICAL PUNISHMENT OR EXECUTION.

SANCTIONS

REWARDS OR PUNISHMENTS FOR CONFORMING TO OR VIOLATING NORMS.

FOLKWAYS

HABITS AND CUSTOMS THAT GUIDE OUR DAILY LIVES (SUMMER 1906). MILD SANCTIONS.

MORE SERIOUS NORMS THAN FOLKWAYS. THE CULTURE INSISTS THEY BE OBEYED. HEAVIER SANCTIONS.

LAWS

FORMALIZED NORMS. OFFICIALLY SANCTIONED. FOLKWAYS AND MORES MAY OR MAY NOT OVERLAP LAW.

VALUE

AN INDIVIDUAL OR COLLECTIVE CONCEPTION OF THAT WHICH IS DESIRABLE. THIS CONCEPTION USUALLY HAS BOTH EMOTIONAL AND SYMNOLIC COMPONENTS. THEY INFLUENCE THE SELECTION OF MEANS AND ENDS OF ACTIONS, AND THEY SERVE AS CRITERIA BY WHICH OBJECTS OR ACTIONS ARE EVALUATED.

SOCIAL CONTROL

TECHNIQUES AND STRATEGIES FOR REGULATING HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN SOCIETY.

INTERNAL SOCIAL CONTROL

SOCIALIZATION

INFORMAL SOCIAL CONTROL

CONTROLLED BY THE REACTIONS OF OTHERS AND THE GROUPS ONE BELONGS TO.

FORMAL SOCIAL CONTROL

PRODUCE CONFORMITY THROUGH THREAT OF INSTITUTIONALIZED PUNISHMENT.

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