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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

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Flying Bird Image


When Everybody Called Me Gabe-bines,
"Forever-Flying-Bird":

Teachings from Paul Buffalo

Timothy G. Roufs (Ed.)
University of Minnesota Duluth

 TR HomePage 

a note on tenses
  a note on style

 
orignal tapes information

Table of Contents

"This project has been financed in part with funds provided by the State of Minnesota from the Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund through the Minnesota Historical Society."

"This publication was made  possible in  part by the  people of  Minnesota  through  a grant funded by an appropriation  to  the  Minnesota  Historical Society  from the  Minnesota  Arts and Cultural  Heritage  Fund. Any views,  findings,  opinions,  conclusions  or recommendations expressed in this publication  are those  of  the authors  and  do not necessarily represent those of the State of  Minnesota, the  Minnesota  Historical Society, or the  Minnesota  Historic Resources Advisory Committee."

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Buffalo Image

Paul Buffalo Interviews Index

C

video and audiotape index: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
This is an index of the hardcopy transcripts, not the 0n-line chapters.
Index numbers refer only to where a discussion starts, or resumes.

tape number:
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75
76 77 78 79 80 81 82 (videotape)

cabbage 80-21
calendar 70-05
calico 72-28
calumet see "peacepipe"
Campbell 74-27
Campbell, J. C. 78-03
"camper Indians" 67-18
campfires / campfire talks 02-23 (old age thinking of experience; hopiing youngsters will follow; general), 08-02 ff. (moccasin game) (stories), 08-51 (talk), 08-55 (general), 12-01, 13-02 (fire; general), 13-32B (talking about building campfire by Mud Lake), 13-51 (general), 13-118 (general), 13-137 (general), 14-01, 27-34, 43-07 (general), 73-24 (reflecting on, at Mud Lake), see also "lectures"
camps / camping grounds 13-68 (seasonal camps), 13-71 (seasonal camps), 27-73 (winter), 49-06 (location; hunting; general), 49-07 (location; hunting; general), 49-13 (seasonal), 66-32 (and wood), 67-20 (campsites), 79-26 (wood; bugs), see also "wild rice camps," and "winter camps"
Canada / Canadians 09-48, 12-12 (liquor coming in from), 13-76 (people coming in from Canada for fur), 13-78 (Canadian "sly" [dialect]), 17-55 (and Nett Lake school; ling), 52-14 (going for Grand Medicine), 61-17 (beads), 61-20 (beads), 67-09 (and grandmother going to), 67-13 (and grandmother going to), 67-20 (nets)
"Canada John" Qually [sp?] 57-07
candle 08-22
candy 01-12, 09-47, 64-03, see also "taffy"
canned food 55-27
cannibalism 50-08
canning 78-27
canoes / canoeing 09-06 (patching; ricing time; fixing leaks), 12-73, 31-20 (patching; last many years; sewing; ribs; deadhead; took care of; designs; getting out at rapids; ready for ricing), 32-20, 54-09 (Grandmother Buffalo and dredging machine cutting trench, the "Manido"), 57-25 (ling; big canoe, small canoe), 62-11, 62-23 (canoing to Federal Dam?), 64-07 (patching canoes; ling; # ribs on a canoe; basswood, cedar sewing; hand-drawn designs), 67-12 (bought canoes; description), 67-15 (portaging; Great Lakes canoes, 79-22 (betting; patching boat)
"canoe days" 49-13 (1911-1913 travelled by water; knew everyone; visiting with campers), see also "canoes / canoeing"
Canton, IL 51-37
can openers 11-44
"Canuks" 13-78, see also "Canada / Canadians"
cars 06-19 to 06-21, 09-30, 19-20, 41-05, 61-25
Cass Lake, MN 01-08, 07-22 (ball team), 08-81, 11-02 (Indian Office), 12-69, 13-92, 20-14, 53-04, 56-10, 56-11, 58-10, 62-08, 62-27, 72-09, 72-23, 79-30, 80-34, 81-14
Catholics 10-44, 13-92, 14-37, 35-37, 46-45, 52-16
cattle 09-25, 09-31, 56-10, 66-23
Cauken [sp?], George 53-06
CCC see "Civilian Conservation Corps"
CC Camps 78-40
cedar / cedar boughs 14-91 (fumigation), 20-09, 29-09 (roofing), 31-03, 31-06 (weaving cedar bark mats), 59-07 (and sweatbath), 61-01 (ling), 63-08 (cedar threads/bark; resoaking bark, cf. 31-03), 63-20 (boughs in wigiwams, 63-24, 63-27 (63-26 ling; 37-07 cleaning mats; ricing paddles), 69-24 (purifying air), 76-21 (curing horse), 76-25 (purifying air)
cedar poles 66-26, see also "cedar / cedar boughs"
ceremonies 08-22, 09-68, 13-125, 14-88, 14-90, 32-01, 34-01, 37-08, 47-32, 82-17, see also "meetings" and "offerings"
changes 06-18, 06-21, 06-22, 06-25 ff, 08-36, 10-46, 12-28, 14-11, 15-20s (prediction), 16-05, 27-54, 31-01, 31-36, 55-10, 73-01, see also "enculturation"
chaps 46-19
charcoal 55-28, see also "black face"
Charet, Joe 49-26
charging (energy) 10-32
checks 41-03
cherry trees 76-27
chickens 09-33
chiefs 08-69 (Jim Wakenabo, 1911-1912; Ed Wilson; Hole-in-the-Day; Buffalo; divisions; "Old Man" Boyd, ca., 1912; chief; advisory chief; J.S. Smith; Wakefield; etc.; councils -- 1920s; BIA), 09-51 ("Old Man" Jackson), 10-65 (Smith; Wakefield; councils and government; Bena, MN), 12-73, 13-59 (heros, leaders, etc.), 43-32 (Pezeke; and government), *44-02 (Pezeke; general characteristics), 64-33 (32-04 ricing chief), 64-44 (Wayne Cronin ?), 65-13 (and mineral rights), 67-21 ("Leech Lake chiefs stationed"), 80-34 (Green Hill at Cass Lake; divisions; John Smith not chief; Wakefield; "advisory chief"), 80-36 (ling), 80-38 (ling; advisory chiefs), see also "leaders / leadership," "advisors," "speakers," "Indian chiefs," "Pezeke," and the name(s) of the other individual chief(s)
childhood (Paul Buffalo's) 66-16
children 01-10 (children coming up; PB happy to see them; talk to them, learn them), 03-03 (song, sweetheart with baby), 05-04 (has to leave something for the younger generation), 06-29 (now older class wants to listen to the younger class = change intermarriage = no Indians; forgetting Indian ways), 07-06 (and separation), 07-07, 08-55 (campfire talk), *09-50 (training), 10-61 (welfare talking kids from woman), 12-13 (Bena childhood), 12-25 (tell your children your words), 12-48 ff (hate to leave the dhildren; ch. see Paul Buffalo working; Paul Buffalo likes to see them playing; they know Paul Buffalo, etc.), 12-73 (natural resources for children, migwitch; playing in the canoes; children were happy), 13-122 (campfire talks), 14-103 (pop from sumac), 20-05 (? training stories) (training, stories), 22-38 (leave the children a betterment; they'll remember you after you're gone), 43-10 (campfire talk), 47-12 (education coming in, not much interested in the old ways; when lecture is over that's all the farther it goes; but their kids will have to think of something later on; will be easier for them if you teach them to practice the easy way; education and practice; good neighbor policy and children), 47-20 (drink medicine during pregnancy; born on snowshoes), 50-05 (whispering), 62-09 (kids ot asking John Smith questions), 65-09, 65-25 (women nursing and drinking), 67-32 (thinking of their energy), 69-02 (truth of life map), 69-29 (young = new crop coming, your crop; kids crying for nothing = bad sign), 74-26 (TR duty to kids; husband and wife and kids), 80-01 (crying for nothing), see also "youth / younger class"
Chippewa 51-11, see also other listings
chisel 63-44, 64-01
choir

03-11

Christianity 10-44 (Christian holidays; Paul Buffalo's baptism; Ball Club priest; changing times), 12-05 (some power; Christian earth), 35-06 (Ball Club church; missionaries; churches taking hold)
Christian Science 12-20 (Christian Science belief), 61-08 (Christian Science belief)
churches 08-71 (log church), 10-19 (Joe Barnes), 15-12 (boarding school church), 15-14 (White church vs. Indian), 15-15 (White church vs. Indian), 35-06 (see above; open place), 37-16 (and government schools; money; and Grand Medicine), 52-16 (superstition and Fr. Anthanase; log cabin), 66-16 (mother's dream and Baptism), 66-32 (log house), 66-33 (costumes), 69-24
cigarettes 67-01, see also "tobacco"
circles 07-30
cities 01-03
citizenship 04-32, 34-06, 65-12
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) 41-21
civil service 20-24
clams 62-18
clans 52-29, see also "dodaim / dodaim group"
"class" 47-11
cleanliness 14-96
Cloquet, MN 35-25, 67-07
cloth 61-17
clothing 03-12 (betting in moccasin game; wore heavy fur coats), 14-96 (best clothes for wild ricing), *31-08 (scouts; cloth), 53-23 (Finns), 61-17 (velvet; in store 1st, in 1918; and Canadian beads), 66-33 (costumes in church), 67-27 (1907/1908 army surplus), 71-30 (and new at menstrual hut), 73-17 (blanket shoes; wool from Canada, 1910-1912, knitted socks)
coffee 09-15, 70-21
colds 71-34, 73-19
comets 45-26, 45-31, see also "meteors"
commandments 12-34
community 12-48, see also "village"
Community Action 47-14
Community Action Program (CAP) 20-10, 20-33, 27-51, 38-01, 47-14, 48-13
community center 09-31
community development 04-11, 05-01 to 05-04, 08-77, see aldo "betterment," and "development"
committees 18-28 (ricing), 18-29, 18-30, 18-31, 58-09
communion 10-05
commuting 08-90, 09-14
competition 09-23
confession 10-06, 13-93, 14-01, 14-56, 55-15
"confirmation" 79-47
congressmen 04-16
Conner, Kenny 08-54
consensus 64-44
Conservation Department 62-14, see also "forestry"
constitution and by-laws 08-80
conversation 08-43 (Ojibwa)
cooking 03-06, 05-11, 29-12, 46-02
coopertion of people 01-01, 02-20, 05-02, 05-24, 09-14, 10-63, 43-05, 48-17, see also "sharing," and "good neighbor policy"
co-ops 78-34
corn 66-08 (soup), 80-23
cornmeal 66-08
costumes 66-33, see also "clothing"
council 04-23 (and forestry; concilmen = Jack Nason, J.S. Smith, Charlie Wakefield, ca., 1912 and 1914) , 08-29 (chi-sah-gah-sway-dii-wIn; Ball Club approval of TR; cf., 80-13) , 08-32 ("got power in his voice" --ling, 08=83), *08-72 (big general council, ling; chiefs; 08-71 - ling; local councils; BIA; BIA and local councils; Wayne Cronin and Ball Club Local Indian Council), 08-82 ("he listens to what action" - ling; and 81-12 and 81-14), 10-65 (old days; Smith/Wakefield/Rogers and government; drinking deligates and Bena Council), 20-25 (Ball Council and Paul Buffalo on it; Duluth), 32-07 (AIM; CAP [Community Action Program] and local councils; "radical"; Ball Club Council), 49-31 (Gilfillan), 64-44 (Wayne Cronin; White people; "OM"; Indian-White marriages), 73-26 ("mouth"; smoke meething - council and meeting-all-together description), 80-38 (advisory chief; ling; council speakr, ling), 81-01 (ling; general council;p local council, ling; Wilson), 81-11 (reorganization; Ball Club Council advisor), 81-13 (council = su-su-sway-gii-wIn = rel. to smoking), 81-14 (listener / watcher; small council; local council; Wilson)
court (Paul Buffalo in) 62-28
courtship 03-04 (singing as a hint), *06-33 (folks discussing; keeps an eye on her), 06-34 (meet by a tree; ceremonically), *07-16 (desirable qualities in mate), *07-17 (folks discussing, desirable qualities in mate), 13-69 (canoe days), 27-15 (sisters teasing; mother's lecture to daughters; fathers to sons), 32-04 (testing a boy to see if he was man enough; sitting by a tree; giving presents; ceremony), 35-19 ("race" mixture; intermarriage), 35-29, 54-11 (studying one another; feast), 62-26 (Paul Buffalo's wife and in-laws; and wife leaving), 64-34 (#32-05; two fathers talking; ceremony --feast; gifts to in-laws)
cows 08-41, 57-27, 72-38
cradle board 27-01, 61-15
cranberries (after first frost; end of July - 1st of August), 11-54 (high bush and low bush here), 62-14 (ling = "swamp berry"), 76-28 (OK for medicine, but you have to make high-bush cranberries into a sauce)
crappies 66-10
crawlers 21-33 (and stories), 21-34, 21-35, 47-16, 51-49, 62-50, 65-09, 69-31
crayfish 62-18
creation 42-01, 68-01, 68-10, 68-16
credit union 09-12
criticism 81-01
Cronin, Wayne 05-37, 08-82, 64-44, 70-17, 80-25
Crookston 78-10, 78-12
crow 14-53, 22-30, 49-16, 74-28
Crow, Betsy 70-10 (general), 70-16
crow, first one in spring 14-53 (1982 = 14 March; 1981 = 09 March)
Crow, Fred 31-14, 49-03 (store; mother; = Paul Buffalo's grandfather), 62-37 (Crows-Buffalo Landing; logging camps), 63-44 ("breed"; related to grandmother on mother's side), 70-10 (general), see also "grandfather"
Crow's Landing 62-37 (see above)
crying 03-01, 03-02, 07-14, 13-75, 69-29, 76-05, 80-01
"crying eye" 40-02, 44-01, 44-15, 76-14
cucumbers 80-22
cultural loss 38-06
curing 48-22, see also "medicine"
curing ceremonies 13-96, 48-22, 61-03, 69-25
curing failures 10-04
cursing, (swearing) 70-07
Custer, George 65-25
Cut Foot Sioux, MN 49-01, 51-24
cycles 25-01 (yearly), 76-38
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Copyright: © 1997 - 2021 Timothy G. Roufs 

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Last Modified Monday, 11-Apr-2005 15:09:51 CDT

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