The subject is a 47 year old male with no history of swallowing problems.

This segment may be watched in 3 parts:

1. Oral Preparatory Phase

• tongue positions material on the teeth
• rotary lateral movement of the mandible and tongue during mastication
• tongue moves the material back onto the teeth as the mandible opens
• after cycle is repeated numerous times, a bolus is formed
• during active chewing, the soft palate is not pulled down and forward and premature spillage is common and entirely normal

2. Pharyngeal Phase

• elevation and retraction of the velum and complete closure of the velopharyngeal to prevent passage into the nasopharynx
• elevation and anterior movement of the hyoid and larynx
• closure of the larynx at the true vocal folds, the laryngeal entrance and the epiglottis to prevent material from entering the airway

3. A second swallow was needed to clear all the material

1/3 Teaspoon Ground Meat and 1/4 Cookie

In this segment, please note:

• The rotary lateral movement of the mandible and tongue
• The formation of the bolus
• During chewing, the soft palate is not pulled down and forward and material falls into the pharynx partially before the pharyngeal phase is triggered
• Bolus size decrease with the viscosity of food; J.P. swallowed twice on the ground meat material

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Special thanks to St.Mary's/Duluth Clinic (SMDC) Radiology and Speech Pathology departments for providing the videofluroscopy studies of the normal adult.