Chem 4242, Spring 2005

• Introduction
  • Separation defined
  • Basis for separation
• Distribution Equilibria
  • Thermodynamic terms
    • Distribution constant/coefficient, distribution isotherm
  • Solvent extraction
    • Distribution ratio and secondary equilibria for extraction of a weak acid
    • Fraction extracted and capacity factor
• Basic Concepts in Chromatography
  • Modes of operation
    • Columns
    • Planar
  • Retention in Linear Elution Chromatography
    • The distribution process
    • The chromatogram
    • Retention time and retention factor
  • Efficiency
    • Definitions and concepts
    • Sources of band spreading. The van Deemter equation
  • Time and Resolution
    • Resolution
    • General resolution equation
    • Resolution and time
  • Treatment of Analytical Data
    • Qualitative analysis
    • Quantitative analysis

2.5

Ch 26, all sections. Suggested exercises: work examples, questions 1-11, problems 12-14, 22, 25. See errors for #25.

Problem Set 6 on Chromatography. Due Monday, April 18.

• Gas Chromatography
• General Aspects
• Column Types
  • Open Tubular Column Formats
• Retention Volume and Flow Rate
  • See corrections to Ch 27, including Revision to section 27A in text
• The Mobile Phase
• The Stationary Phase
• Factors Affecting Retention
• Sample Injection
• Detection
• Special Techniques
  • Temperature programming
  • Derivatization

Ch 27, all sections. Suggested exercises: questions 1-19, problems 20-25. See errors for #21.

Problem Set 7 on Gas Chromatography. Due Monday, April 25.

• Liquid Chromatography
• Introduction
  • HPLC vs open column chromatography
  • Hardware
  • LC vs GC
  • Classification of LC Methods by Retention Mechanism
• Partition (Absorption) LC
  • Basics
  • Liquid-liquid chromatography
  • Bonded-phase chromatography
• Adsorption Chromatography (Liquid-Solid Chromatography)
  • Fundamental aspects
  • Applications of LSC
• Ion Exchange Chromatography
  • Stationary phase, mobile phase, retention
  • Applications
• Size Exclusion Chromatography
  • Packings, retention
  • Applications