A biography of Durkheim's life.

1. 1893 DIVISION OF LABOR IN SOCIETY
2. 1894 RULES OF SOCIOLOGICAL METHOD
3. 1897 SUICIDE
4. 1896 BEGAN JOURNAL, ANNEE SOCIOLOGIQUE
5. 1912 ELEMENTARY FORMS OF RELIGIOUS LIFE

"SOCIOLOGY MUST NOT BE A SIMPLE ILLUSTRATION OF READY-MADE AND DECEPTIVE TRUISMS; IT MUST FASHION DISCOVERIES WHICH CANNOT FAIL TO UPSET ACCEPTED NOTIONS." 1909

1. SOCIETY COMES PRIOR TO INDIVIDUAL
2. SOCIETY AS IDEAL
3. PRODUCTION OF COLLECTIVE CONSCIENCE INDIVIDUAL AND COLLECTIVE CONSCIENCE WILL DIFFER
4. SOCIETY IS GREATER THAN THE SUM OF ITS PARTS THIS IS UNIQUE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION
5. SOCIOLOGY IS TO STUDY THE MORAL RULES AS PART OF THE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION.

1. IMPORTANCE OF IDEALS & MORAL UNITY FOR STABILITY
2. INDIVIDUALS ARE SHAPED BY SOCIETY & ARE ACTIVE
3. ATTACHMENT TO SOCIETY INVOLVES OBLIGATIONS, CONSTRAINTS AND COMMITMENT TO IDEALS (NORMS, VALUES, BELIEFS)
4. PROPERTIES OF SOCIETY, PARTICULARLY THE CONSCIENCE COLLECTIVE, CANNOT BE DEDUCE FROM INDIVIDUALS
5. FOUNDATIONS FOR THEORY OF ANOMIE
6. THEORY OF RELIGION 

1. EXTERNALITY - THEY CONSTITUTE A REALITY SUI-GENERIS OUTSIDE OF ANY PARTICULAR INDIVIDUAL
2. CONSTRAINT - THEY POSSESS A POWER COERCION OVER THE INDIVIDUAL
3. GENERALITY - THEY ARE POTENTIALLY UNIVERSAL, DIFFUSED WITHIN A GROUP

1. EGOISTIC
   OUTGROWTH OF THE DIVISION OF LABOR AND THE "CULT OF INDIVIDUALISM"
2. ANOMIC
   ALSO THE RESULT OF THE DIVISION OF LABOR, PROBLEMS IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE ORGANIC SYSTEM
3. ALTRUISTIC
   AN ASPECT OF TRADITIONAL SOCIETIES OR TIGHTLY KNIT GROUPS; A BY-PRODUCT OF A STRONG CONSCIENCE COLLECTIVEII. THE DIVISION OF LABOR IN SOCIETY

• EVERYONE IS AN INDIVIDUAL
• EVERYONE SHOULD FOLLOW THE SAME MORAL CODES

1. SMALL SOCIETIES ARE LIKE SINGLE CELL ORGANISMS, LITTLE DIVISION OF LABOR
2. INDUSTRIALIZED SOCIETIES ARE LIKE COMPLEX ORGANISMS, HIGHLY DEVELOPED DIVISION OF LABOR

1. MECHANICAL SOLIDARITY
2. ORGANIC SOLIDARITY

1. REPRESSIVE LAW
2. RESTITUTIVE LAW

• ISN'T INCREASED HAPPINESS, INSTEAD IT IS A
• GROWTH IN POPULATION DENSITY
• CORRESPONDING GROWTH IN MORAL OR DYNAMIC DENSITY
  
  CONFLICT BETWEEN LIKE PARTS LEADS TO DIFFERENTIATION RATHER THAN DESTRUCTION
  
  
• ABNORMAL FORMS OF THE DIVISION OF LABOR
  1. ANOMIC
     LACK OF INTEGRATION
  2. FORCED DIVISION OF LABOR
     NON-ACHIEVED STATUS
  3. INADEQUATELY COORDINATED DIVISION OF LABOR
     WAISTED TIME AND ENERGY
  
  IV. ELEMENTARY FORMS OF RELIGIOUS LIFE
  
  I. PURPOSE - ORIGIN OF RELIGION
  
  
  1. LOOK AT TOTEMIC PRACTICES
     ARUNTAS, PRIMITIVE GROUP, PROVIDE CLUE TO ORIGINS
     
     
  2. BELIEF OF MYSTERIOUS SACRED FORCE COMING FROM THE TOTEM
     
     • CAN'T COME FROM TOTEM ITSELF.
     • TOTEM MUST BE SYMBOL OF SOMETHING ELSE
     THEREFORE:
     
     
     1. SYMBOLIZED DIVINITY AND THE CLAN ITSELF
     2. TOTEMIC DIVINITY AND CLAN ARE REALLY THE SAME THING
     3. DIVINE IS ONLY SYMBOLIC EXPRESSION OF SOCIETY, BOTH "GOD" AND SOCIETY POSSESS MORAL AUTHORITY; INSPIRE DEVOTION; AND SACRIFICE
        
        
  3. SMALL BANDS COME TOGETHER IN EUPHORIC CELEBRATION WHICH BREAK DULL ROUTINE OF EVERYDAY LIFE
     
     
  4. SACRED AND PROFANE TAKE ON VERY DIFFERENT CHARACTERISTICS
     
     
  5. THE FUNCTION OF RELIGION IS THE CREATION, REINFORCEMENT, AND MAINTENANCE OF SOCIAL SOLIDARITY
  DEPENDENT VARIABLES

  INDEPENDENT VARIABLE	TYPE OF LAW (INDEX)	TYPE OF SOLIDARITY	EFFECT ON PERSONALITY
  LITTLE OR NO DIVISION OF LABOR	REPRESSIVE LAW	MECHANICAL SOLIDARITY	COLLECTIVE CONSCIENCE OVERWHELMS PERSONALITY
  DIVISION OF LABOR	RESTITUTIVE LAW	ORGANIC SOLIDARITY	VARIED PERSONALITIES DEVELOP

  
  
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