CSD
2230
Laryngeal
Structures
- Laryngeal
System - With the lungs providing the
necessary air supply for speech, the larynx is responsible for
phonation (production of voice).
- Primary Biological Functions
- Closes entry into trachea during
swallow
- Cough reflex which expels foreign
substances that enter trachea
- Normal
Larynx
- Structural
Support of the Laryngeal System
- Hyoid bone - larynx appears to be suspended
from the hyoid bone
- Thyroid cartilage - it forms the anterior
and lateral walls of the larynx
- Cricoid cartlilage - is top ring of
trachea.
- Arytenoid cartilage - 2 pyramid-shaped
cartilages, which are connected to cricoid through
cricoarytenoid joint, which permits circular and sliding
movements.
- Vocal
Folds - The folds
are composed of several tissue layers that form a medial vocal
ligament, but their bulk is formed by the vocalis
muscle.
- Laryngeal Musculature
- Extrinsic Muscles - support the
larynx
- Supplemental
Muscles - (Fig 2.9 Owens
2000)
- Depresses Hyoid
- Elevates Hyoid
- Digastric
- Mylohyoid
- Stylohyoid
- Intrinsic
Muscles are critical for
modification of pitch and loudness
- Muscles that separates (abducts) vocal
folds
- Muscles that brings (adducts) vocal
folds together
- Lateral cricoarytenoid and
interarytenoid (Fig 2-21, Fucci 1999)
- Muscles that tenses the vocal
folds
- Thyroarytenoid
muscle - contraction toward anterior section of thryoid
cartilage will tense the vocal folds and raise
pitch
- Cricothyroid msucle - contraction
pulls thyroid cartilage down to stretch vocal folds and
raise pitch (Fig 2-23, Fucci 1999)
- Resources
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