EDUCATION

Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering, June 1988, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL

Dissertation: An Elementary Processor for a Digital Neural Computer.

M.S. in Electrical Engineering, June 1985, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL.

Thesis: Consonant Recognition Using Linear Predictive Coding.

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

September 2002 to present: Professor , Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Duluth.
September 1995 to August 2002: Associate Professor, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Duluth.
1997 to present: Associate Editor of the International Journal on Intelligent Automation and Soft Computing.
September 1988 to August 1995: Assistant Professor , Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Duluth.
March 1984 to August 1988: Teaching Assistant and Research Associate, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology.

Consulting

Minnesota Department of Transportation: Automated paging, actuation logging, and system integration, 1998-1999.
Honeywell Inc.: High Resolution Image Reconstruction, 1995-1996.
Schott Power Corporation: WAN/LAN data/voice/fax integration and installation, 1995-1996
Hibbing Electronics: Design and Construction of Testing Equipment for Load Dump, Inductive Load Switching, Alternator Field Decay, Mutual Coupling, 1996-1997.
Minnesota Power: Development of High Precision RPM and Phase meter, 1989-1990.

RECENT RESEARCH PROJECTS

US DOT IVI (Intelligent Vehicles Initiative) Specialty Vehicle Field Operational Test

The project team is comprised of Mn/DOT, the University of Minnesota, 3M, who provides a magnetic based lateral guidance system, Navistar, a supplier of medium and heavy duty trucks, and Altra Technologies, an Eden Prairie, MN, based provider of radar based collision warning system. The project goal is to develop an optimized user interface integrating both vehicle guidance and collision avoidance technologies and to document the safety and performance benefits associated with such systems by performing a field operational test. My role in this project is to evaluate motorist’s visibility through weather sensor network and video images collected during the test period. This project was funded by multiple agencies including US DOT, Mn/DOT and private sectors with total funding of exceeding six million dollars.

Northland Advanced Transportation Systems Research Lab (NATSRL)

The geographical location of the Duluth and Northern Minnesota area presents unique challenges in operating and maintaining the area-wide transportation systems, which need to provide safe and efficient travel environment under often inclement weather conditions. NATSRL was funded to address various research needs for Northland transportation systems. The research issues include efficient real-time detection of hazardous road/weather/traffic conditions, advance warning and guidance to drivers with road/weather/traffic information, winter-road and snowplow fleet management and decision support system with on-line weather/pavement information, large-scale even and tourist traffic management, and on/off-line assessment of area-wide system performance. This project was funded by US DOT TEA-21, Mn/DOT, and UMD. $3,700,000.

TMC Traffic Data Automation For Mn/DOT’s Traffic Monitoring Program

The Minnesota Department of Transportation (Mn/DOT) has been responsible for collecting, analyzing, and publishing traffic count data from the various roadway systems throughout the state. The traffic reporting system mainly developed by the Traffic Forecasting and Analysis Section (TFAS) of Mn/DOT has been used in several federal programs, internal Mn/DOT applications, and many private sectors. The objective of this project is to develop computerized automation methods for the current manual effort to import, filter, and analyze the Mn/DOT TMC portion of inductive loop detector data contributed to the Mn/DOT's Traffic Monitoring System. The main research effort has been in developing multi-level data screening and analysis methods based prioritized acceptance tests and Q-K curve analysis. This project was sponsored by Mn/DOT Guide Star Program. $80,000.

Visibility Measurement System Based-on Imaging

This research project is focused on developing a practical atmospheric-visibility monitoring system based on imaging systems. Because visibility reductions due to inclement weather conditions are one of the main causes of traffic incidents, and among the primary criteria used to determine road closures in winter, accurate visibility measurement is an important area of research for transportation managers. However, accurate and reliable measurement of atmospheric visibility is difficult because it continuously changes over time and space and is influenced by a host of atmospheric conditions such as fog, rain, snow, smog, sun direction, solar radiation, etc. Measurement by human observers is unreliable due to differences in individual eyesight, perception and other biological conditions. Other techniques such as light-scatter meters exist, but do not measure true visibility. A new approach developed in this research is based on measurement of visibility through an imaging system that comprises a special video camera, an image digitizer and multiple targets specifically designed and positioned at specific distances from the camera. The images are regularly sampled and processed through image processing techniques to determine at what distance the foreground is no longer distinguishable from the background by using the contrast information of the field of view extracted from the image. This distance essentially represents the visibility. For night visibility measurement, several approaches are under investigation. Those include embedding light sources in visual and infrared spectrum to the targets and using different types of spectral filters in camera. This research was sponsored by US DOT TEA-21 and Mn/DOT.

Next-Generation Road Weather Information System: Concept and Proto Type Development

Traditional ways of using R/WIS (Road/Weather Information System) have been to forecast road icing before its formation for proactive winter-road maintenance. Although ice forecasting has served a significant value in deicing operations, as states plan implementation of a statewide R/WIS, they recognize that it is a large, expensive system. Moreover, due to rapidly changing technologies and associated increasing costs, implementation of R/WIS has been complex. Planners find that it is important to start with an architecture that allows easy integration of new and legacy technologies and gradual expansion to a larger system. This project develops a flexible R/WIS model that can seamlessly integrate with the existing and legacy systems and can gradually expand to a larger system. The research also focuses on new ways of utilizing the massive amount of environmental sensor data collected from R/WIS. This research was sponsored by Mn/DOT.

Web-Based Pavement Condition Reporting System

Pavement Condition Reporting System (PCRS) is a Mn/DOT’s networked application system that tracks and reports weather circumstances that may affect the driving conditions. The system was designed based on a database server and customized front-end programs that allow data entry and retrieval. The main problem of this system was the customized front-end programs that require modification of codes as the windows operating systems are upgraded; consequently, the system did not work as Mn/DOT upgraded their operating system. However, even if the old software was rewritten for new operating systems with extra budget, modification of the front- end programs required reinstallation of the codes in every client workstations in order for the Mn/DOT PCRS to work properly. In order to alleviate the problems associated with the old PCRS and to further advance the PCRS technology, Mn/DOT decided to implement a new PCRS based on a World Wide Web (web) technology. In this new approach, any Mn/DOT person having a standard web browser and a password will have access to the PCRS for all of its functions. This project was given to Dr. Kwon and his students at the University of Minnesota Duluth, and they successfully developed a new system, referred to as a web-PCRS, using the state-of-the-art dynamic web technologies. The system is driven by a web server and a central relational database, and includes various forms of pavement-condition data entry, real-time notification, instant messaging between PCRS operators and administrators, weather/permit entry, and many administrative functions. This project was funded by Mn/DOT, and the system developed was deployed statewide.

Research Interests

In the past, my research was mainly focused on developing algorithms in neural networks, fuzzy systems, pattern recognition, and image processing. Presently, my research is more focused on developing transportation applications using my computational and theoretical backgrounds. The topics include development of visibility measurement algorithms using image processing, next generation road weather information systems, large scaled transportation data center, large-scaled transportation data archival/retrieval systems, distributed server farm design, detector data screening and quality management, and automated bridge deicing systems.

PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS AND ACTIVITIES

Associate Editor of the International Journal on Intelligent Automation and Soft

Computing, Since 1997.

Member of IEEE Computer Society

Member of IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society

Member of International Neural Network Society

Member of KSEA (Korean Scientists and Engineers Association in America)

Reviewer of IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing

Reviewer of IEEE Transactions on Image Processing

Reviewer of IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks

Reviewer of IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems

Reviewer of IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems

HONORS

Received “Research Partnership Award” with a plaque from the Center for Transportation Studies, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, April 24, 2001. Mn/DOT Partners involved in this award: Ed Fleege, Curt Pepe, and Roberta Dwyer. The plaque reads “To recognize research projects within the CTS program that result in significant impacts on transportation, and to reward teams of individuals who draw on the strengths of their diverse partnerships to achieve those results.”
Listed in Marquis Who's Who in the Media and Communication, 1997.
Listed in Marquis Who's Who in the Midwest, 24th Edition.
Received the Distinguished Achievement in Scientific Research Award from KSEA Florida Chapter, 1984.

PATENTS

“Measurement of Motorist’s Relative Visibility Index (MRVI) Using Video Images,” US Patent Pending, 2001.

“Video Camera-Based Visibility Measurement system,” US Patent Pending, Docket: 600.374-US-01, 1999.

“Artificial Neural network Based Algorithms in Detecting Financial Reporting,” with E. Feroz, U.S. Patent Pending, 1999.

TEACHING EXPERIENCE

A. Courses regularly taught at University of Minnesota Duluth

ECE 4321 (ECE 3520): Computer Networks

ECE 4801 (ECE 5800): Introduction to Artificial Neural Networks

ECE 4315 (ECE 3515): Multiprocessor-Based System Design

ECE 2325 (ECE 3325): Microcomputer System Design

B. Other courses taught in the past at UMD

ECE 1315 Digital System Design

ECE 5580 Computer Fault Tolerance

ECE 5551 Switching Theory

ECE 3950 Design Workshop

CpE 3040 Digital System Design

CpE 3020 Introduction to Electronics

CpE 3035 Analog Electronic Circuits

CpE 3970 Senior Project I

CpE 3971 Senior Project II

CpE 3960 Independent Study

CpE 5960 Independent Study

C. Courses taught at the Florida Institute of Technology (1985-1988)

CP 4193 Computer Systems Design

CP 4291 Computer Interfacing Lab

EE 4196 Electronic Circuit Lab

LAB MANUALS WRITTEN

University of Minnesota, Duluth:

ECE 3950 Computer Construction Manual

CpE 3040 Digital System Design Lab

ECE 3325 Introduction to Microcomputers Lab

Florida Institute of Technology:

CP 4291 Computer Interfacing Lab

CP 4193 Computer Systems Design Lab

TEACHING LAB RELATED DEVELOPMENTS

§ Developed Computer Networks Lab in Room 61 MWAH. The design goal of this lab was to provide students with hands-on network experiments that reflect real-world networks in a smaller scale. The lab was innovatively designed to address multi-layered architecture of computer networks covering from wiring to network operating systems. The experiments include 10M and 100M bps Ethernet wiring and wiring closet design, standard wiring conformance testing and use of testing equipments, implementation of network equipments (hubs, routers, bridges), client-server installations, network performance monitoring, remote file sharing, and server management (web, printer, database). 1999-Present.

§ Developed several neural network simulators for UNIX and Windows environments. The simulators include back-propagationnetwork, Kohonen's self-organizing feature map, simulated annealing, Hopfield networks, Radial Basis Function Networks, Support Vector Machines, and graphical tools. They were used in CpE 5800 and ECE4801: Introduction to Neural Networks. 1993-Present.

§ Developed Microcomputer Lab based on a SPARC station, a SUN Network Terminal Server (64 terminals), and single board computers (M68HC11EVBs), for basic computer engineering courses. Each station includes an interface card that was designed for various hardware and software experiments. It was used ECE 3325: Introduction to Microcomputers.

§ Designed Computer Interface Lab and the Computer Systems Lab at the Florida Institute of Technology. Both labs were designed using MC68000 family chips, MEX68KECBs, and many interface I/O boards. In addition, an EPROM programmer was designed and integrated to the system to provide a development environment to students. 1987.

§ Designed and constructed several computer systems based on MC68000 family for development of computer design courses and as a development and testing tool for microprocessor-based system designs. The system includes many types of I/O ports and an EPROM burner for testing and implementation of BIOS and I/O’s in microprocessor-embedded systems. The systems were used as a development system for CpE 3950: Design Workshop/Computer Construction at University of Minnesota Duluth, and for CP 4193: Computer Systems Design at Florida Institute of Technology. 1986-1992.

§ Designed and constructed a 16-bit microprocessor using bit-slice computers. It was used as an experimental station for micro-programmed computer architecture and instruction design. 1988.

COMMITTEES (UMD)

§ McKnight Professor Search Committee, Chair

§ ECE Department Merit Evaluation Policy, Chair

§ College of Science Executive Committee

§ ECE Faculty Search Committees

§ Senior Project Policy Committee

§ CSE Single Quarter Leave Committee

§ Faculty Information Record Committee, Chair

RESEARCH GRANTS

T.M. Kwon (PI), “Integrated TDRL Projects, DLL Traffic Software Development Package, Gravel-Road Traffic Counter, Intersection Movement Counter, and Hybrid Renewable Light Pole,” NATSRL, $101,900, 2005-2006.

T.M. Kwon (PI), “Development of Portable Eight-Channel WIM Analysis System Based on Analog WIM Signals,” Minnesota Department of Transportation, P2006015, $89,611, 2005-2007.

T.M. Kwon (PI), “Development of Transportation Data Center at TDRL: Archival of Large-Scaled Transportation Data, Analysis Tool Developments, and On-Line Data Support,” NATSRL, $89,908, 2004-2005.

T.M. Kwon (PI), “Development of Transportation Data Center at TDRL: Archival of Large-Scaled Transportation Data, Analysis Tool Developments, and On-Line Data Support,” $101,900, 2003-2004.

T.M. Kwon (PI), “Development of Transportation Data Center at TDRL: Archival of Large-Scaled Transportation Data, Analysis Tool Developments, and On-Line Data Support,” $141,660, 2002-2003.

T.M. Kwon (PI), “Section Travel-Time Measurement and Vehicle Classification Using Inductance Signatures of Loop Detectors,” Minnesota Department of Transportation, Nov 2003- Dec 2006, ($51,000 direct)

T.M. Kwon, S. Burns, D.B. Crouch, D.A. Wyrick, J.P. Riehl, “Development of Northland Advanced Transportation Systems Research Lab,” 2001, $3,691,200.

T.M. Kwon (PI), “TMC Traffic Data Automation for Mn/DOT’s Traffic Monitoring Program,” Guide Star Fund, Minnesota Department of Transportation, Jan 2001 – Dec 2001. ($79,819)

T.M. Kwon (coPI), Max Donath (PI), Craig Shankwitz (coPI), ``Intelligent Vehicle Initiative (IVI) - Specialty Vehicle Field Operational Test Program: Visibility Evaluation,'' FWAH, Mn/DOT, Oct. 1, 1999 - open, Total: $6,550,000, (Funded by FHWA: $3.89mil, Mn/DOT: $0.97mil, Partners: $1.69mil, $194,475.84 for myself), 2000-2003.

T. M. Kwon (PI), “World Wide Web Based Pavement Condition Reporting System,” Minnesota Department of Transportation, Sep. 1, 1999 - 2000, $44,094.

T. M. Kwon (PI), ``An automatic visibility measurement system based on video cameras: Phase II,'' Minnesota Department of Transportation, $65,000, Funded, Nov. 1999-Present.

T. M. Kwon (PI), “Development of a mobile R/WIS station: packed snow assessment using tire noise and vibration,” Minnesota Department of Transportation, $92,000, Submitted on Dec. 1998. [Not funded]

T. M. Kwon (PI), “Development of Event-dialing/Auto-logging/Auto-paging System for Aitkinson Bridge Automated Deicing Spray,” Instrumentation Grant, Minnesota Department of Transportation, Summer, 1988, ($3,460).

T. M. Kwon (PI), “Integration of RTMS and SQL to Mn/DOT Next Generation R/WIS,” Minnesota Department of Transportation, Mn/DOT Agreement No., 74708, Work Order No. 101, $66,359, Dec. 20, 1998 -open.

T. M. Kwon (PI), “Design and Construction of Testing Equipment for Load Dump, Inductive Load Switching, Alternator Field Decay, Mutual Coupling,” Development Grant, Hibbing Electronics, July 1996 – July 1997. ($8,600)

T. M. Kwon (PI), “Next Generation R/WIS: Video Clip Based Integrated Visual R/WIS,” Minnesota Department of Transportation, Mn/DOT Agreement No. 74708, Work Order No. 47 and Supplement No. 1, $54,000, July 1997-1999.

T. M. Kwon (PI), “Airborne Thermography Imaging and the Development of a 2D Thermal Map for the State of Minnesota Highways,” DOT Federal Level Grant, U.S. Department of Transportation, $285,481.00, submitted in Feb. 1996 [Not funded].

T. M. Kwon (PI), “Automatic Low-Visibility Warning System Based on Video Cameras,” Research Grant, Mn/DOT Contract # 74708, Work Order No. 10}, Minnesota Department of Transportation, Aug. 1996 - open. ($28,191)

T. M. Kwon (PI), “Development of a Nondestructive Lake-Ice Thickness Surveying Instrument,” SOTA TECH funds, Blandin Foundation, May 1996 -; $39,000.00. [submitted in Feb. 1996, not funded]

T. M. Kwon (PI) and W. Marko, “WAN and LAN design and installation for Schott Power Corporation,” Development Grant, Schott Corporation, Dec. 95 - Mar. 96. ($7,600)

T. M. Kwon (PI) and M. G. Kang, “High Resolution Image Reconstruction for Honeywell,” Development Grant, Honeywell Inc., Summer 1995. ($6,854)

T. M. Kwon (PI), “Intelligent Image Compression Based on Human Priority,” Grant-in-Aid of Research, Artistry, and Scholarship, Graduate School, University of Minnesota, TC, submitted Mar. 6, 1995. ($14,600)

T. M. Kwon (co-PI), M. Zervakis, N. Shehadeh, ``Design of RWIS Mobile Measurement System for Mn/DOT,'' Development Grant, Minnesota Department of Transportation, June 1994 - Dec. 1995. ($24,872)

T. M. Kwon (co-PI), M. Zervakis, N. Shehadeh, M. Patyra, and P. Cheung, Jiann-Shiou Yang, “Characterization of Contaminants in Wastepaper Bales Based on Physical Characteristics of Contaminants,” Development Grant, Superior Recycled Fiber Industries, June 1994-September 1994. ($35,794)

T. M. Kwon (PI), “Image Restoration Using a Complementary Neural Network,” Faculty Summer Research Fellowship, under the research proposal \#16038, Graduate School, University of Minnesota, TC, Summer-II, 1994. ($4,800)

T. M. Kwon (PI), “Professional Development Fund for UNIX Administration,” Faculty and Academic Staff Professional Development Fund, Academic Administration, UMD, Dec. 1993. ($1,300)

T. M. Kwon (PI), ``Modular Analog CMOS VLSI Chips for Multilayered Neural Networks with On-Chip BEP Learning,'' Grant from Institute of International Studies and Programs (travel grant), University of Minnesota, TC, Nov. 1993. ($800)

T. Kwon (co-PI), C. Carroll, P. Cheung, L. Garber, M. Patyra, J. Yang, K. Yin, and M. Zervakis, "Wastepaper Classification and Processing," Development Grant, Superior Recycled Fiber Industries, May 25, 1993-Sep. 30, 1993. ($71,000)

T. M. Kwon (PI), “Development of a Self-Organizing and Trainable Fuzzy Logic Controller,” Grant-in-Aid of Research, Artistry, and Scholarship, Graduate School, University of Minnesota, TC, under the research proposal #15463, Dec. 1, 1992 - June. 1, 1994. ($11,197)

T. M. Kwon (PI), “An Efficient Learning Algorithm for Gaussian Neural Networks,” Faculty Summer Research Fellowship, Graduate School, University of Minnesota, TC, under the research proposal #15065, Summer 1992. ($4,500)

T. M. Kwon (PI), “Synthesis of Threshold Networks Using Convexity and Decomposition,” Grant-in-Aid of Research, Artistry, and Scholarship, Graduate School, University of Minnesota, TC, under the research proposal #14305, Feb. 20, 1991 - Jun. 1992. ($7,985)

T. M. Kwon (PI), “A Stable Learning Algorithm in Feedforward Network for Binary Logic,” Faculty Summer Research Fellowship, Graduate School, University of Minnesota, TC, Summer 1990. ($4,300.00)

T. M. Kwon (PI), “Development of General Purpose Network Memory,” Faculty Summer Research Fellowship, College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Duluth, Summer 1989. ($3,555.00)

T. M. Kwon (PI), Research Set-up Fund, College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Duluth, Sep. 1989. ($30,000.)

T. M. Kwon (PI) and C. R. Carroll, “Development and Construction of Monitoring and Control Instruments for Minnesota Power Co.,” Development Grant, Minnesota Power Co., Sep. 1989 - Sep. 1990. In this project, we developed a high precision RPM measurement and phase difference detection/synchronization unit based on hall-effect transducers and microcontrollers. These units were successfully used in the field to monitor and control the speed of generators and to synchronize the phases of power signals. ($12,500)

PUBLICATIONS

A. Books or Chapters in Books

T.M. Kwon, Atmospheric Visibility Measurements Using Video Cameras: Relative Visibility, Minnesota Department of Transportation and Center for Transportation, Sep, 2003

T.M. Kwon, TMC Traffic Data Automation for Mn/DOT’s Traffic Monitoring Program, Minnesota Department of Transportation and Center for Transportation, March, 2003

T.M. Kwon, Next Generation R/WIS: Concept and Prototype Implementation, innesota Department of Transportation, MN/RC-1999-19, March 1999.

T.M. Kwon and E. H. Feroz, “Self-Organizing Fuzzy and MLP Approaches toDetecting Fraudulent Financial Reporting,” Soft Computing in Financial Engineering, Springer-Verlag Co. Feb. 1999, pp. 499-506, (edited by R. Ribeiro, R.R. Yarger, H-J Zimmermann and J. Kacprzyk.), (Comments: www.springer.de, search from books using title “Soft Computing in Financial Engineering”)

T.M. Kwon, An Automatic Visibility Measurement System Based on Video Cameras, Minnesota Department of Transportation, MN/RC-1998-25, Sep. 1998

B. Papers in Refereed Journals

T. Kwon, N. Dhruv, S. Patwardhan, E. Kwon “Common Data Format Archiving of Large-Scale Intelligent Transportation Systems Data for Efficient Storage, Retrieval, and Portability,” Journal of the Transportation Research Board: Transportation Research Record 1836, pp. 111-117, National Academy of Science, 2003.

T. M. Kwon, “Measurement of Relative Atmospheric Visibility Using Digitized Video Images,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, submitted on Feb. 12, 2002, under review.

T. Kwon and Ed Fleege, “R/WIS Architecture for Integration and Expansion,” Transportation Research Record 1700, pp. 1-4, Journal of the Transportation Research Board, The National Research Council, The National Academies, 2000.

E.H. Feroz, T.M. Kwon, V.S. Pastena, and K. Park, “The Efficacy of Red Flags in Predicting the SEC's Targets: An Artificial Neural Network Approach,” International Journal of Intelligent Systems in Accounting, Finance and Management, vol. 9, pp. 145-157, July 2000.

T.M. Kwon, P. Agrawal, and D. Crouch, “A ROI Search Method for Still Images Based on Set Descriptions,” International Journal on Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing, vol. 9, pp93-106, 1998.

§ T. M. Kwon and E. Feroz, “A Multi-layered Perceptron Approach to Prediction of the SEC's Investigation Targets,” IEEE Trans. on Neural Networks, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 1286 - 1290, Sep. 1996

T. M. Kwon and Hui Cheng, ``Contrast Enhancement for Back-Propagation Network,'' IEEE Trans. on Neural Networks, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 515 - 524, Mar. 1996.

§ M. J. Patyra and T. M. Kwon, “A Degenerated Fuzzy-Number Processing System Based on Artificial Neural Networks,” Information Science, vol. 86, pp. 211-226, 1995.

§ M. E. Zervakis, T. M. Kwon, and J. Yang ``Multiresolution Image Restoration in the Wavelet Domain,'' IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing, vol. 42, No. 9, pp. 578-591, Sep. 1995.

§ M. E. Zervakis, A. K. Katsaggelos, and T. M. Kwon, ``A Class of Robust Entropic Functionals for the Enhancement of Images,'' IEEE Trans. on Image Processing, vol. 4, No 6, pp. 752-773, June, 1995.

§ T. M. Kwon and M. E. Zervakis, ``KWTA Networks and Their Applications,'' International Journal on Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing, vol. 6, pp. 331-344, 1995.

§ T. M. Kwon, M. E. Zervakis, and A. N. Venetsanopoulos, “Design and Analysis of a Class of Self-Organizing and Trainable Fuzzy Controllers,” Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems, vol. 12, pp. 1-15, 1995.

T. M. Kwon and M. E. Zervakis, “Design of Regularization Filters Using Linear Neural Networks,” Journal of Artificial Neural Networks, vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 283-306, 1994.

§ T. M. Kwon and M. E. Zervakis, “A Self-Organizing KNN-Fuzzy Controller and Its Neural Network Structure,” International Journal of Adaptive Control and Signal Processing, vol. 8, pp. 407-431, Jul.-Aug., 1994.

§ J-S Yang, M. E. Zervakis, and T. M. Kwon, “Application of the Quantitative Feedback Theory (QFT) to the Grumman F-14 Pitch Axis ControlProblem,” Computers in Education Journal, vol. IV, no. 3, pp. 75 - 81, Jul. - Sep. 1994.

M. E. Zervakis and T. M. Kwon, “Robust Estimation Techniques in Regularized Image Restoration,” SPIE Optical Engineering, vol. 31, no. 10, pp. 2174-2190, Oct. 1992.

C. Conference Papers

T.M. Kwon and N. Dhruv, “Unified Transportation Sensor Data Format (UTSDF) for Efficient Archiving and Sharing of Statewide Transportation Sensor Data,” Proc. of the Transportation Research Board 83^nd Annual Meeting, Washington D.C., Jan. 2004.

T.M. Kwon, “New Efforts in Dealing with Missing Data for Mn/DOT’s Short-Duration and Continuous Count Traffic Monitoring Program,” 14^th Annual Transportation Research Conference, River Center, St. Paul, Minnesota, (sponsored by Center for Transportation Study), April 29, 2003.

T.M. Kwon, “Data Archive in Minnesota using Common Data Format (CDF),” Archived Data User Service (ADUS): System Designs and Implementation Examples, Jan 2003, sponsored by Urban Transportation Data and Information Systems (AID08), Statewide Transportation Data and Information Systems (AID09), and information Systems and Technology (A5003).

N. Dhruv, T. Kwon, and S. Patwardhan, “CDF Archival of Large-Scaled ITS Data for Efficient Archival, Retrieval, and Portability, ,” Proc. of the Transportation Research Board 82^nd Annual Meeting, Washington D.C., Jan. 2003.

T. Kwon, “Measurement of Motorist’s Relative Visibility Index (MRVI) through Video Images,” Proc. of the Transportation Research Board 81^st Annual Meeting, Washington D.C., Jan. 2002.
E. Kwon, S. Kim, and T. Kwon, “Pseudo Real-Time Evaluation of Adaptive Traffic Control Strategies using Hardware-in-Loop Simulation,” Proceeding of the 27^th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, Denver, Colorado, Nov 29-Dec. 2, 2001, Accepted for publication.

T. Kwon, “R/WIS Architecture for Integration and Expansion,” Transportation Research Board, 79th Annual Meeting, published in the Conference Proceedings in CD-ROM, Washington D.C., Jan. 2000.

T.M. Kwon and Ed Fleege, “Automatic Visibility Measurement Methods Based on Video Cameras,” Proceedings of Xth PIARC International Winter Road Congress, March 1998, Sweden.

E.J. Fleege and T.M. Kwon, “Thermal Mapping at Mn/DOT,” Proc. of Fourth International Symposium on Snow Removal and Ice Control Technology, pp. mm00-mm12, Reno, Nevada, Aug. 11-16, 1996.

E. H. Feroz and T. M. Kwon, “Self-Organizing Fuzzy and MLP Approaches to Detecting Fraudulent Financial Reporting,” Proc. of IEEE/IAFE Computational Intelligence for Financial Engineering, pp. 279-285, Mar. 1996.

Hui Cheng and T. M. Kwon, “Neighboring Structure Based Modular Neural Network,” Proc. of World Congress on Neural Networks, vol. 1, pp. 718-723, Washington D.C., July 1995.

T. M. Kwon, Hui Cheng, and M. Zervakis, “Modular Neural Networks for Function Approximation,” Proc. of ANNIE-94, vol. 4, pp. 11-16, Rolla, MO, Nov. 1994.

T. M. Kwon, E. H. Feroz, and H. Cheng, “Preprocessing of Training Set for Back Propagation Algorithm: Histogram Equalization,” Proc. of the IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks-94, vol. 1, pp. 425-430, Orlando, FL, June 26 - July 2, 1994.

M. E. Zervakis, T. M. Kwon, and A. E. Savakis, “Operator Decomposition Using the Wavelet Transform: Fundamental Properties and Image Restoration Applications,” Proc. of the International Conference on Image Processing, vol. 1, pp. 56-60, Austin, TX, Nov. 1994.

M. E. Zervakis, T. M. Kwon, and A. V. Venetsanopoulos, “A Self-Organizing and Trainable Fuzzy-Neural Controller,” Proc. of the IEEE Mediterranean Symposium on New Directions in Control Theory and Applications, June 1993.

Y. Wang, T. M. Kwon, and O. Khatib, “Modular Analog CMOS VLSI Chips for Multilayered Neural Networks with On-Chip BEP Learning,” Proc. of the 3^rd International Conference on VLSI and CAD (ICVC'93), vol. 1, pp. 299-302, Taejon, KOREA, Nov. 1993.

T. M. Kwon and Y. Wang, “Digital Implementation of Programmable Neural Networks in Synchronous Pulse Mode,” in Intelligent Engineering Systems through, Artificial Neural Networks (Proc. of ANNIE-93), Eds., C. H. Dagli, L. I. Burke, B. R. Fernandez, and J. Ghosh, vol. 3, pp.65-70, Rolla, MO, Nov. 1993.

M. E. Zervakis and T. M. Kwon, “A Generalized Study of the Weighted Least-Squares for the Selection of the Regularization Parameter in Inverse Problems,” Proc. of the ISCAS'93 Symposium, vol. 1, pp. 415-418, Chicago, IL, May 1993.

M. J. Patyra and T. M. Kwon, “Processing of Incomplete Fuzzy Data Using Artificial Neural Network,” Proc. of the IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems, vol. I, pp. 429-434, San Francisco, CA, Mar. 28- Apr. 1, 1993.

M. E. Zervakis and T. M. Kwon, “On the Application of Robust Functionals in Regularized Image Restoration,” Proc. of ICASSP-93, vol. V, pp. 289-292, Minneapolis, MN, April 27-30, 1993.

T. M. Kwon and M. E. Zervakis, “A Parallel Sorting Network without Comparators: A Neural Network Approach,” Proc. of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), vol. I, pp. 701-706, Baltimore, MD, June 7-11, 1992.

H. Alam, M. E. Zervakis, and T. M. Kwon, “Edge Evaluation: A Measure to Compare Image Restoration Techniques,” Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science, vol. 57, no.1, pp. 7-8, Spring 1992.

T. M. Kwon, “A Guaranteed Training of Binary Pattern Mappings Using Gaussian Perceptron Networks,” Proc. of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), vol. III, pp. 614-619, Baltimore, MD, June 7-11, 1992.

T. M. Kwon and M. E. Zervakis, “Gaussian Perceptron: Learning Algorithms,” Proc. of the International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vol. 1, pp. 105-110, Chicago, IL, Oct. 1992.

T. M. Kwon and M. E. Zervakis, “Design of Regularization Filters with Linear Neural Networks,” Proc. of the International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vol. 1, pp. 416-421, Chicago, IL, Oct. 1992.

T. M. Kwon and Y. Lu, “A Comparative Study of the Traveling Salesman Problem,” Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks (Proc. of ANNIE-91), C. H. Dagli, S. R. T. Kumara, and Y. C. Shin, Eds., pp. 889-894, Rolla, MO, Nov. 1991.

§ T. M. Kwon, “Gaussian Perceptron: Experimental Results,” Proc. of the International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vol. 3, pp. 1593-1598, Charlottesville, VA, Oct. 1991.

T. M. Kwon and M. E. Zervakis, “Robust Regularized Image Processing,”in Stochastic and Neural Methods in Signal Processing, Image Processing, and Computer Vision, Su-Shing Chen, Ed., (Proc. of SPIE The International Society for Optical Engineering), vol. 1569, pp. 317-328, July 1991.

T. M. Kwon, “Optimization for Precision in Speed and Phase Measurement Using a Microcontroller,” Proc. of the IEEE Southeastcon-91, vol. 1, pp. 133-137, Williamsburg, VA, Apr. 1991.

T. M. Kwon, “Threshold Net Synthesis Using Simulated Annealing,” Proc. of the IEEE Southeastcon-91, vol. 2, pp. 1069-1073, Williamsburg, VA, Apr. 1991.

T. M. Kwon and C. R. Carroll, ``Optimization for Precision in Speed Measurement Using a Microcontroller,'' Proc. of the 21st Annual Pittsburg Conference on Modeling and Simulation, vol. 21, pp. 629-633, edited by W. G. Vogt and M. H. Mickle, Pittsburg, PA, May 1990.

T. M. Kwon and M. E. Valdez, ``Implementation of a Programmable Artificial Neuron Using Discrete Logic,'' Proc. of the IEEE Southeastcon-89, vol. 1, pp. 181-186, Columbia, SC, Apr. 1989.

M. E. Valdez and T. M. Kwon, “An Elementary Processor for a Neural Computer,” Proc. of the IEEE Southeastcon-88, pp. 628-632, Knoxville, TN, Apr. 1988.

T. M. Kwon, “Continuous Speech Recognition Using Linear Predictive Coding,” Proc. 9th Annual KSEA Symposium, Florida Chapter, University of Florida, Dec. 1984.

D. Technical Manuals

T. M. Kwon, “RWIS Measurement System for MN/DOT: User/Reference Manual”, Minnesota Department of Transportation, over 300 pages, April 1995.

T. M. Kwon, “Artificial Neural Networks: Theoretical Developments and Applications,” Locally Produced Classroom Workbook, over 347 pages, Department of Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Duluth, 1992

T. M. Kwon, “MC68000 Microprocessor Based Systems: Design and Construction Manual,” Locally Produced Textbook, 62 pages, Department of Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Duluth, 1990.

T. M. Kwon and C. R. Carroll, “High Precision RPM Measurement Unit User Manual,” Minnesota Power Co. 1989.

E. Others

T. Kwon, “Automatic visibility measurement system helps make real-time weather information readily available.” TRAK (Technology Research And Knowledge) Research News, Number 14, June 1998.