Article Citation

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Sociological Theory

Robert K. Merton

American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 50, No. 6. (May, 1945), pp. 462-473.

Stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0002-9602%28194505%2950%3A6%3C462%3AST%3E2.0.CO%3B2-P

Abstract

The phrase "sociological theory" has been used to refer to at least six types of analysis which differ significantly in their bearings on empirical research. These are methodology, general orientations, conceptual analysis, post factum interpretations, empirical generalizations, and sociological theory. The distinctive limits and functions of each are described and illustrated. A typical case of the incorporation of an empirical generalization into a theoretic system is briefly considered. The conventions of formal derivation and codification are suggested as devices for aiding the integration of theory and empirical research.