Chapter 4: The Network Layer
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Functionality
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forwarding (using forwarding table)
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routing (building, updating forwarding table)
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Virtual circuit (ATM) and datagram networks (IP)
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Service models
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delivery
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bandwidth
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delay
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jitter
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ordering
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IP addressing
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prefix addressing (e.g. 192.168.0.0/24)
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role of prefix addressing in forwarding tables
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What's in a router
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input ports
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output ports
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routing processor
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switching fabric
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Inevitable need for output queuing
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Address assignment
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global (static)
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local (static and dynamic)
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dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP)
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network address translation (home, small office)
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ICMP
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errors
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congestion control
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routing algorithm communication
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IPv4 and IPv6
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address size
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transition problems
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tunneling mechanism
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Routing algorithms
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static
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dynamic
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link state (global)
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distance vector (local/decentralized)
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problems with dynamic routing
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interconnected autonomous systems
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intra-AS routing (link state or distance vector)
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gateway routers
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hot potato routing
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inter-AS routing
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border gateway protocol (BGP)