+++ WEB DESIGN UPDATE.
- Volume 7, Issue 21, November 21, 2008.

An email newsletter to distribute news and information about web design and development.

++ISSUE 21 CONTENTS.

SECTION ONE: New references.
What's new at the Web Design Reference site?
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/webdesign/
New links in these categories:

01: ACCESSIBILITY.
02: CASCADING STYLE SHEETS.
03: COLOR.
04: EVALUATION & TESTING.
05: MISCELLANEOUS.
06: PHP.
07: STANDARDS, GUIDELINES & PATTERNS.
08: TYPOGRAPHY.
09: USABILITY.
10: XML.

SECTION TWO:
11: What Can You Find at the Web Design Reference Site?

[Contents ends.]


++ SECTION ONE: New references.

+01: ACCESSIBILITY.

This is How the Web Gets Regulated
By Joe Clark.
"As in finance, so on the web: self-regulation has failed. Nearly ten years after specifications first required it, video captioning can barely be said to exist on the web. The big players, while swollen with self-congratulation, are technically incompetent, and nobody else is even trying. So what will it take to support the human and legal rights of hearing impaired web users? It just might take the law, says Joe Clark."
http://www.alistapart.com/articles/thisishowthewebgetsregulated

Guidelines for the Description of Educational Media
"The American Foundation for the Blind (AFB) was part of a U.S. Department of Education grant awarded to the Described and Captioned Media Program (DCMP) of the National Association of the Deaf (NAD) to define guidelines for media description of educational materials."
http://www.afb.org/Section.asp?SectionID=44&TopicID=338

Description Key
Description resources available to teachers and parents. "Developed through a partnership between the Described and Captioned Media Program (DCMP) and the American Foundation for the Blind (AFB), the Description Key began as recommendations, suggestions, and best practices culled from an extensive literature search and meta-analysis [PDF] in 2006. AFB assembled an expert panel in media description and education for children with visual impairments to help evaluate media description strategies for educational material. The list of recommended practices was then subjected to a consensus review process by these leading experts, resulting in a reduction from 204 to 63 critical indicators. This work was opened to an extensive public review in the spring of 2008 that invited comments and rankings of each indicator's importance. The expert panel met a final time in July 2008 to review these public comments, the rankings, and to discuss each indicator before adopting the final document presented here. (For a more detailed look at how (and why) the Key was developed, please read AFB's 'Background of the Description Key.')"
http://www.dcmp.org/descriptionkey/

The Way of the Accessibility Wiki
By Henny Swan.
"I'm not sure why but 2008 has been the year of the wiki in accessibility circles. As the field of accessibility has got more vast and complex so have people's need for detail and areas of specialty making it almost impossible to stay on top of everything. This can be quite bewildering for anyone trying to build accessible web pages, especially when knowledge is spread around countless blogs and forums, so wiki's really do seem like the way forward. But are we in danger of spreading ourselves too thin?..."
http://www.iheni.com/the-way-of-the-accessibility-wiki/

Development of the Accessible Information and Communications Standard: Where We Are Now
By Government of Ontario.
"On November 17, the Ontario government released the proposed Accessible Information and Communications Standard for a 60-day public review period. A standards development committee, composed of representatives from the disability and business communities, developed the proposed standard..."
http://tinyurl.com/65vgop

Differences Between the WAI Standards Developer and User Perspectives
By Brian Kelly.
"...In is not in scope for people at WAI to address the resource implications of conforming with their guidelines, the complexities of implementing the guidelines or to consider alternatives ways in which accessibility challenges can be addressed. If these issues are out-of-scope for WAI, then there's a need for the issues to be addressed by the user community.  And this will include addressing these difficult issues. It is the user community to decide when the WAI guidelines may be the best way of providing accessible services, when other solutions may be relevant and to ensure that cost-effective and sustainable solutions are provided..."
http://tinyurl.com/5wwkf3

Embedding Time-Aligned Text into Ogg
By Silvia Pfeiffer.
"As part of my accessibility work for Mozilla and Xiph, it is necessary to define how time-aligned text such as subtitles, captions, or annotations, are encapsulated into Ogg..."
http://tinyurl.com/6bvu5o


+02: CASCADING STYLE SHEETS.

Aural CSS Notes Updated Following Tests With Opera Voice and FireVox
By Jon Gibbins.
"Opera with Voice and the FireVox extension for Firefox both claim to support some of the CSS 3 Speech module properties. Following some quick tests on Windows, Opera 9.62 seems to work reasonably well, but the latest FireVox appears to have broken support..."
http://tinyurl.com/6b7kgf

Tables: The Next Evolution in CSS Layout
By Kevin Yank.
"Crafting CSS layouts is tricky. In this article, Kevin Yank introduces CSS tables (which, once IE 8 is released, will be supported by all major browsers). They promise to make CSS layouts much easier for everyone..."
http://tinyurl.com/5vtbvw

Terrific Tables with CSS
By Jonathan Snook.
"HTML tables have gained a new lease of life in the CSS era, now that they have been freed from misuse as a layout element. In this article, Jonathan demonstrates how you can use CSS to create exciting, colorful tables, which will work successfully across browsers, as well as taking a peek at what the future holds."
http://www.sitepoint.com/article/terrific-tables-css/


+03: COLOR.

The Web, What's in a Colour?
By Adrian Rayfield.
"The Web is a colourful medium and colour plays an important role in all Web sites. Colour can draw your attention to certain areas of a page, clearly showing navigation and links, as well as make the site look more inviting..."
http://www.rayfields.co.uk/color.php


+04: EVALUATION & TESTING.

User Research Friday
By Lane Halley.
"One thing I was really listening for was how people actually use research to do design. In my practice as an interaction designer, I find user research to be extremely important. I'm a strong advocate of ethnographically-inspired fieldwork...because it helps me understand how people really work and think."
http://www.cooper.com/journal/2008/11/user_research_friday.html

The More the Merrier?
Mariana Da Silva.
"When it comes to deciding how many users to recruit for user testing, nobody seems to agree on an ideal sample size...Of course, in any case, the more the merrier, but this is only possible in a world where resources, such as time and money, are infinite. In the real world, we compromise, and the trick is in being able to achieve a good balance between rigor and value."
http://www.foviance.com/what-we-think/the-more-the-merrier/

Sample Size Oddities
By Steve Baty.
"It might seem counterintuitive, but the larger the proportion of a population that holds a given opinion, the fewer people you need to interview when doing user research. Conversely, the smaller the minority of people who share an opinion, the more people you need to interview..."
http://www.uxmatters.com/MT/archives/000352.php


+05: MISCELLANEOUS.

HTML History
By Mike Smith.
"This page records a history of milestones in the development of the HTML language (in the  two forms of the language understood by most current browsers), from the publication of the HTML4 recommendation on through to the publication of the first public working draft of the HTML5 specification..."
http://esw.w3.org/topic/HTML/history

Ideal UX Team Makeup: Specialists, Generalists, or Compartmentalists
By Jared Spool.
"...What makes an effective UX team is the completeness of the skill set across all the members. The roles of individuals are secondary -- a team with generalists will always be more flexible than a team of specialists. Specialists help when the local economic conditions support their being there. Yet, specialists have general knowledge, so they can be flexible and interact with the rest of the team in a productive manner."
http://www.uie.com/articles/ideal_UX_team

Four Internet Design Considerations Every Client Should Know
By Tedd Sperling.
"The Internet is a medium unlike any other. The Internet provides new and exciting opportunities in product presentation and ways to attract and cultivate customer's interest. Tapping the true power of the Internet lies in understanding the difference between the Internet and all other mediums and then using those differences to promote business in new ways..."
http://sperling.com/four-things-clients-should-know.php


+06: PHP.

10 Advanced PHP Tips To Improve Your Programming
By Glen Stansberry.
"...This tutorial is aimed at people who are just past the beginning stages of learning PHP and are ready to roll up their sleeves and get their hands dirty with the language. Listed below are 10 excellent techniques that PHP developers should learn and use every time they program. These tips will speed up proficiency and make the code much more responsive, cleaner and more optimized for performance..."
http://tinyurl.com/6bxfkn

PHP Tip: Classes Aren't Derived From stdClass
David Otton.
"Many OO languages have the concept of a single base class from which all other classes are explicitly or implicitly descended. For example, Ruby, Java and .NET all have Object. It's a very common belief that PHP implements stdClass as a base class for all objects, but this is in fact not the case."
http://www.otton.org/2008/11/11/php-base-class-stdclass/


+07: STANDARDS, GUIDELINES & PATTERNS.

HTML 5, the Markup
By Karl Dubost.
"...Mike Smith has extracted the parts of HTML 5 related to the content model. This document is aimed at people who would like to focus on the content model, be reviewers, authoring tools implementers, documentation writers..."
http://www.w3.org/QA/2008/11/html_5_the_markup.html

HTML: The Markup Language
By Mike Smith.
"This specification describes the fifth major version of the HTML vocabulary. It provides the details necessary for producers of HTML to create conformant HTML documents. By design, it does not describe related APIs nor attempt to describe how consumers of HTML are meant to process HTML documents..."
http://www.w3.org/html/wg/markup-spec/

What HTML 5 is and What it is Not
By Scott Loganbill.
"An update by the working group behind HTML 5 defined what HTML 5 will not do this week, both putting a limit on HTML 5's seemingly endless ambitions and also suggesting we may someday see a final version of the standard..."
http://www.webmonkey.com/blog/What_HTML_5_is_and_What_it_is_Not

Well-Formed Mark-Up?
By Adrian Bateman.
"There's an interesting debate going on in the W3C HTML working group about whether well-formed HTML is important in the specification process for HTML5..."
http://adrianba.net/archive/2008/11/16/well-formed-mark-up.aspx

More on Developing Naming Conventions, Microformats and HTML5
By Andy Clarke.
"Not quite a lifetime, but it was way back in May 29th 2004, on my retired blog And All That Malarkey, when I surveyed forty designers' sites "to see what conventions they used for common page elements like headers and banners, navigation, content and footers" (the results at the time)..."
http://tinyurl.com/6c3mr5

How to Learn HTML5
By Kroc Camen.
"Once you have made a decent HTML4 site, then you will look at the HTML5 specification, and it will make sense-you will know what to do with it."
http://camendesign.com/code/how_to_learn_html5

The March of Access Control
By John Resig.
"The web is changing. Historically it's been painfully easy to request resources from remote locations (such as stylesheets, scripts, images, and loading pages in iframes) - but this has brought along a whole world of security issues that browsers are continuing to try and resolve..."
http://ejohn.org/blog/the-march-of-access-control/

This Week in HTML 5 - Episode 13
By Mark Pilgrim.
"The big news this week is a major revamping of how browsers should process multimedia in the <audio> and <video> elements."
http://blog.whatwg.org/this-week-in-html-5-episode-13


+08: TYPOGRAPHY.

Improve Your Typography with 'Typographic Contrast'
By Ross Johnson.
"Having just spent a week in various countries through out Europe I found myself studying the design techniques of thee various different cultures as well as how it compares to that of the US. Interestingly enough I found myself able to look at the typography of design completely independent of the message (as I did not know the language). This is an oddly effective way to see what techniques of displaying and using type were effective, for what reasons, and why..."
http://tinyurl.com/64orjr


+09: USABILITY.

Business Case for Deleting Content
By Gerry McGovern.
"The more you delete, the more you simplify. The more you simplify, the more you increase the chances of your customers succeeding on your website..."
http://tinyurl.com/6jw4mo

People Are From Earth, Machines Are From Outer Space
By Don Norman.
"Norman's law: The number of hours per day spent maintaining our equipment doubles every 18 months..."
http://www.jnd.org/dn.mss/people_are_from_eart.html

PDF Manuals: The Wrong Paradigm for an Online Experience
By Mike Hughes.
"I'm not down on every use of PDF files online. Campus maps, article reprints, and my aunt's Christmas letters all work quite well as PDF files. What I want to challenge in this column is the use of PDF files for distributing user assistance online, in the form of large books." http://www.uxmatters.com/MT/archives/000351.php

Agile Development Projects and Usability
By Jakob Nielsen.
"Agile methods aim to overcome usability barriers in traditional
development, but pose new threats to user experience quality.
By modifying Agile approaches, however, many companies have realized the
benefits without the pain..."
http://www.useit.com/alertbox/agile-methods.html

Designing Tables for Usability
By Aenui.
"...We want to achieve tables which are more scannable, with data that is easily findable, more aesthetically-pleasing and also easier to style using CSS...."
http://aenui.com/user-interface/designing-tables-for-usability/

Error Message Design Showcase
Christian Watson.
"An important part of designing any kind of registration or login form is how you handle when things go wrong ? a required field is missed or data is entered incorrectly..."
http://www.smileycat.com/miaow/archives/001411.php


+10: XML.

Why Did SMIL and SVG Fail?
By Brian Kelly.
"...I think it is clear that W3C have failed to deliver a solution which is being widely deployed.  Now this may not be of concern to W3C - they may regard their role as simply developing standards and are happy to leave it to the marketplace to adopt or reject the standards. However as user organizations we can't take this stance.  So we will need to ensure that we have learnt form the failures of well-promoted standards to have any significant impact. Or perhaps we should simply be prepared to wait for a longer period for new standards to gain impact.  Perhaps we may find greater take-up of SMIL and SVG, with the mobile market providing the arena for the standards to demonstrate their worth...."
http://ukwebfocus.wordpress.com/2008/11/18/why-did-smil-and-svg-fail/


[Section one ends.]


++ SECTION TWO:

+11: What Can You Find at the Web Design Reference Site?

Accessibility Information.
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/accessibility

Association Information.
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/associations

Book Listings.
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/books

Cascading Style Sheets Information.
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/css

Color Information.
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/color

Dreamweaver Information.
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/dreamweaver

Evaluation & Testing Information.
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/testing

Event Information.
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/events

Flash Information.
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/flash

Information Architecture Information.
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/architecture

JavaScript Information.
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/javascript

Miscellaneous Web Information.
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/misc

Navigation Information.
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/navigation

PHP Information.
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/php

Sites & Blogs Listing.
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/sites

Standards, Guidelines & Pattern Information.
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/standards

Tool Information.
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/tools

Typography Information.
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/type

Usability Information.
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/usability

XML Information.
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/xml

[Section two ends.]


++END NOTES.


+ SUBSCRIPTION INFO.

WEB DESIGN UPDATE is available by subscription. For information on how to subscribe and unsubscribe please visit:
http://www.d.umn.edu/goto/webdevlist
The Web Design Reference Site also has a RSS 2.0 feed for site updates.


+ TEXT EMAIL NEWSLETTER (TEN).

As a navigation aid for screen readers we do our best to conform to the accessible Text Email Newsletter (TEN) guidelines.  Please let me know if there is anything else we can do to make navigation easier. For TEN guideline information please visit:
http://www.headstar.com/ten


+ SIGN OFF.

Until next time,

Laura L. Carlson
Information Technology Systems and Services
University of Minnesota Duluth
Duluth, MN U.S.A. 55812-3009
mailto:lcarlson@d.umn.edu


[Issue ends.]