+++ WEB DESIGN UPDATE. - Volume 19, Issue 10, September 2, 2020. An email newsletter to distribute news and information about web design and development. ++ISSUE 10 CONTENTS. SECTION ONE: New references. What's new at the Web Design Reference site? https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/ New links in these categories: 01: ACCESSIBILITY. 02: CASCADING STYLE SHEETS. 03: COLOR & CONTRAST. 04: EVALUATION & TESTING. 05: EVENTS. 06: HTML. 07: JAVASCRIPT. 08: MISCELLANEOUS. 09: TOOLS. 11: USABILITY. SECTION TWO: 11: What Can You Find at the Web Design Reference Site? [Contents ends.] ++ SECTION ONE: New references. +01: ACCESSIBILITY. WCAG 2.2 Overview and Feedback By Jared Smith. "A working draft of version 2.2 of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) has been published for feedback. WebAIM is thrilled to see the work on these formative guidelines continuing and we appreciate the efforts of the W3C's Accessibility Guidelines working group. Below are WebAIM's plain language summaries of each of the new proposed success criteria, as well as discussion and our recommendations…" https://webaim.org/blog/wcag-2-2-overview-and-feedback/ Coming Next: WCAG 2.2 By Kim Krause Berg. "…It is backwards compatible to WCAG 2.0 and WCAG 2.1… WCAG 3.0 is on Deck. It will NOT be backwards compatible… Fasten your seat belts." https://www.theuserisoutthere.com/2020/08/28/coming-next-wgag-2-2/ Resources for Developing Accessible Cards/Tiles By Dennis E. Lembree. "The card pattern (also know as tiles and blades) has become quite popular over the last several years. There are many accessibility challenges that may arise quickly when web developers attempt to build them including…" http://www.webaxe.org/resources-for-developing-accessible-cards-tiles/ Caption 101: How Do Captions Work on Videos? By Meryl K. Evans. "More than 1 billion hours of videos are watched every day on YouTube…" https://accessly.io/blog/caption-101-how-do-captions-work-on-videos/ Takeaways from Accessibility & Inclusive Design: A Designer's Field Guide By Deborah Edwards-Onoro. "In his Accessibility & Inclusive Design: a Designer's Field Guide online presentation at last week's Aquent Summer Camp, Rob Huddleston, Design Director at Capital One, gave an overview of accessibility design basics…" https://www.lireo.com/takeaways-from-accessibility-inclusive-design-a-designers-field-guide/ Up Your A11y By Suzanne Aitchison. "Up Your A11y is run by me, Suzanne, a software developer based in Edinburgh, Scotland. A few years ago I began to realise how little I understood about web accessibility, despite working in a mid-level developer role for some major national brands. In trying to fill this gap in my knowledge, I found lots of great resources and started collecting notes and examples…" https://www.upyoura11y.com/ Inclusive Design: The Big Picture Online Workshop on September 3 By Deborah Edwards-Onoro. "For many people, accessibility and inclusive design mean the same thing.But did you know accessibility is only one component of inclusive design?…" https://www.lireo.com/inclusive-design-big-picture-online-workshop/ Update on Gutenberg Accessibility Audit (Video) By Joe Dolson. "I will present an update on the progress made on the Gutenberg (WordPress) Accessibility Audit. This is very up to the minute…" https://2020.wpcampus.org/schedule/update-on-gutenberg-accessibility-audit/#video Expert Witnesses in Web Accessibility Cases (Part 2) By Ken Nakata. "…the requirement for the plaintiff to suffer an injury takes an interesting turn in web accessibility cases because it really hinges on the nature of the plaintiff's disabilities. And this affects a lot of the issues that a plaintiff can allege in their complaint-- and what their expert witness can testify about…" https://convergeaccessibility.com/2020/08/31/expert-witnesses-in-web-accessibility-cases-part-2/ Innovation & Accessibility at West Valley College By Kristopher Nelson. "…TRE Legal Practice worked on behalf of two blind college students to reach a settlement agreement with West Valley College, using an alternative to lawsuits called structured negotiations…" https://www.trelegal.com/posts/innovation-accessibility-at-west-valley-college/ West Valley College Settlement Agreement (PDF, redacted) https://www.trelegal.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Public-West-Valley-Settlement-Agreement-ACCESSIBLEREDACTED-1.pdf +02: CASCADING STYLE SHEETS. Short Note on content-visibility: hidden By Steve Faulkner. "content-visibility is a new property defined in the draft CSS Containment Module Level 2 specification. It has been implemented in Chrome 85, you can read about its glory in content-visibility: the new CSS property that boosts your rendering performance. What I am interested in is how it is exposed to screen readers and other assistive technology…" https://html5accessibility.com/stuff/2020/08/25/short-note-on-content-visibility-hidden/ Proportional Resizing with CSS Variables By Ahmad Shadeed. "For this snippet, I want to share with you something I do while resizing elements in the browser DevTools…" https://ishadeed.com/snippet/proportional-resizing-css-variables/ Why CSS ::before Doesn't Work on Inputs and Images By Šime Vidas. "The CSS ::before and ::after pseudo-elements cannot be added to text inputs and images because these elements are 'replaced elements,' a special category defined in the Rendering section of the HTML Standard…" https://webplatform.news/issues/2020-08-26 The Thing With Leading in CSS By Matthias Ott. "The spacing between individual elements of a website and, in particular, the vertical spacing, has been a regular matter of debate between web designers and developers" https://matthiasott.com/notes/the-thing-with-leading-in-css Gettin' Foldy with the Dual-screen Web (Part I) By Dave Rupert. "Making my first dual-screen web app…" https://daverupert.com/2020/07/gettin-foldy-with-the-dual-screen-web-part-i/ +03: COLOR & CONTRAST. Alternatives to Low-Contrast Text (Video) By Katie Sherwin. "If the foreground color (the actual words) is too similar to the background color, legibility suffers, and users can't read your copy. Simple tweaks make websites much easier to read." https://www.nngroup.com/videos/alternatives-low-contrast-text/ +04: EVALUATION & TESTING. How to Handle Bad Data By Jeff Sauro and Jim Lewis. "…The same concern about data integrity applies to data derived from UX research…In most research, one bad apple won't spoil the bunch, but if there are a lot of bad apples, you've got to find them and get them out of the barrel, or you won't be able to trust your analysis." https://measuringu.com/how-to-handle-bad-data/ How Professionals Moderate Usability Tests By Rolf Molich, Chauncey Wilson, Carol M. Barnum, Danielle Cooley, Steve Krug, Chris LaRoche, Beth A. Martin, Jonathan Patrowicz, and Brian Traynor. "…The purpose of the study is to investigate the approaches to moderation used by experienced professionals. Based on this work, we present our analysis of some of the characteristics that distinguish good from poor moderation…" https://uxpajournal.org/moderate-usability-tests/ On the Usage of Cronbach's Alpha to Measure Reliability of UX Scales By Martin Schrepp. "…In this paper, I show that there are some UX specific issues to use Cronbach's Alpha as a measure for scale reliability…" https://uxpajournal.org/cronbachs-alpha-reliability-ux-scales/ +05: EVENTS. Accessibility Champions from Zero to Hero September 8, 2020. Online. https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/accessibility-champions-from-zero-to-hero-tickets-113481084980 Back to School and Virtual Accessibility from Cornell September 9, 2020. Online. https://register.yangtaninstitute.org/register/index.cfm?event=7896 UX STRAT September 15-16, 2020. Online. https://uxstrat.com/usa/ BCS Foundation Certificate in User Experience Starts September 15, 2020. Online. https://www.userfocus.co.uk/training/bcs-foundation.html W3C Workshop on Web and Machine Learning September 16, 22, 23, and 29, 2020. Online https://www.w3.org/2020/06/machine-learning-workshop/ WAI-Tools Open Meeting September 22, 2020. Online https://www.w3.org/WAI/about/projects/wai-tools/third-open-meeting/ The Good, The Bad And Ugly Of Prototyping October 1, 2020. Online https://www.smashingmagazine.com/smashing-tv/good-bad-ugly-prototyping/ +06: HTML. I Was Wrong About How to Create Accessible Subtitles By Chris Ferdinandi. "Back in July, I wrote about how to create accessible subtitles using the [role="doc-subtitle"] attribute. I was wrong…" https://gomakethings.com/i-was-wrong-about-how-to-create-accessible-subtitles/ +07: JAVASCRIPT. ARIA: Poison or Antidote? By Aaron Leventhal. "How lying to screen readers cures accessibility, when it doesn't rub salt in it…" https://web.dev/aria-poison-or-antidote/ radEventListener: a Tale of Client-side Framework Performance By Jeremy Wagner. "React is popular, popular enough that it receives its fair share of criticism. Yet, this criticism of React isn't completely unwarranted…" https://css-tricks.com/radeventlistener-a-tale-of-client-side-framework-performance/ Just How Much Faster is Vanilla JS than Frameworks? By Chris Ferdinandi. "…takeaways are clear: If you can get away with just vanilla JS, it will give you the best experience, period. If you need state-based UI, Preact is not just smaller than React, but far more performant, too." https://gomakethings.com/just-how-much-faster-is-vanilla-js-than-frameworks/ How to Find Specific Items in an Array with Vanilla JS By Chris Ferdinandi. "Today, we're going to look at two different approaches for finding specific items in an array. Let's dig in…" https://gomakethings.com/how-to-find-specific-items-in-an-array-with-vanilla-js/ The Radium Craze By Eric W. Bailey. "…A five page marketing website may not need a Single Page Application approach. Consider what you're trying to do, how you're going to do it, and how you treat the people that help you get there." https://ericwbailey.design/writing/the-radium-craze.html +08: MISCELLANEOUS. Calculating the Pollution Cost of Website Analytics (Part 3) By Gerry McGovern. "…The most substantial pollution from Google Analytics comes from the processing and analysis of the data… https://gerrymcgovern.com/calculating-the-pollution-cost-of-website-analytics-part-3/ RFC8890: The Internet is for End Users By Mark Nottingham. "The Internet Architecture Board (IAB) has published RFC8890, The Internet is for End Users, arguing that the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) should ground its decisions in what's good for people who use the Internet, and that it should take positive steps to achieve that. Why does this need to be said? Is it going too far? Who else could they favour, and why should you care? As author of the RFC and a member of the IAB that passed it, here are my thoughts…" https://www.mnot.net/blog/2020/08/28/for_the_users Revisiting Adaptive Design, a Lost Design Movement By Matt Webb. "I was reminded today of Dan Hill's work in the early 2000s on Adaptive Design - and it feels to me like this movement, focused on re-use, modularity, and unintended customisation, is one worth revisiting, almost 20 years on. I'll cover some history and then talk about why this matters.…" http://interconnected.org/home/2020/08/26/adaptive_design Design has an Empathy Problem: White Men Can't Design for Everyone By Jesse Weaver. "With Design Thinking, IDEO and others commodified 'empathy' and laid claim to the idea that any person can design for anyone else, regardless of how different their life circumstances might be…The idea that anyone can design for anyone else gives license for designers to believe that they have some special ability to objectively understand another person. As Design Thinking has spread, more and more companies take this as a justification to ignore the diversity of their teams. After all, with Design Thinking, even mostly white mostly male design teams can design for anyone on the planet simply by 'empathizing' with them…" https://uxdesign.cc/design-has-an-empathy-problem-white-men-cant-design-for-everyone-4eef12f0f2bc "Design Thinking": Defending Silicon Valley at the Apex of Global Labor Hierarchies By Lilly Irani. "Science Studies scholars have shown how what counts as 'technological' creativity - both in cultural practice and in STS analytics - is shaped by histories of race, colonialism, and gender…" https://catalystjournal.org/index.php/catalyst/article/view/29638/html +09: TOOLS. WAI-ARIA Usage By Gez Lemon. "Add the WAI-ARIA usage bookmarlet to evaluate document conformance requirements for use of ARIA attributes in HTML and allowed ARIA roles, states, and properties…" https://thepaciellogroup.github.io/WAI-ARIA-Usage/WAI-ARIA_usage.html +10: USABILITY. Virtual Tours: High Interaction Cost, Moderate Usefulness By Page Laubheimer. "Virtual tours are an occasionally useful secondary tool for checking on specific details, but most users find them to be high effort, slow, and of limited value." https://www.nngroup.com/articles/virtual-tours/ COVID-19 Has Changed Your Users By Kate Moran. "People's behaviors and preferences have shifted. Research will help you figure out how your users have changed and how your designs need to adapt." https://www.nngroup.com/articles/covid-changed-users/ Baymard Update: 117 New 'Mobile UX' Guidelines and 9,000+ Mobile Examples Uncovered During 2020 By Christian Holst. "…This article provides you with a short summary of our latest UX research initiatives…" https://baymard.com/blog/mobile-ux-research-update-2020 UX Practitioners Adjusting to Post-Pandemic World (Video) By Jakob Nielsen. "The field of user experience must adjust to the challenges (and associated opportunities) created by the pandemic and the way the world economy is changing." https://www.nngroup.com/videos/ux-post-pandemic/ Make Me Think By Jim Nielsen. "…The removal of all friction should't be a goal. Making things easy and making things hard should be a design tool, employed to aid the end user towards their loftiest goals…" https://blog.jim-nielsen.com/2020/make-me-think/ Positive Developments but Challenges Still Ahead: A Survey Study on UX Professionals' Work Practices By Yavuz Inal, Torkil Clemmensen, Dorina Rajanen, Netta Iivari, Kerem Rizvanoglu, and Ashok Sivaji. "This paper describes and gives an overview of User Experience (UX) professionals' work practices-their environment, practices, tools, and challenges…" https://uxpajournal.org/ux-professionals-work-practices/ Website Optimization Measures, Part X By Jens Oliver Meiert. "This is part of a series about website improvements. How it works? I casually talk about some of the latest changes to my personal websites, to share ideas but also to validate assumptions. Let's go…" https://meiert.com/en/blog/optimization-measures-10/ [Section one ends.] ++ SECTION TWO: +11: What Can You Find at the Web Design Reference Site? Accessibility Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/accessibility.html Association Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/associations.html Book Listings. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/books.html Cascading Style Sheets Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/css.html Color Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/color.html Drupal Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/drupal.html Evaluation & Testing Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/testing.html Event Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/events.html HTML Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/html.html Information Architecture Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/architecture.html JavaScript Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/javascript.html Miscellaneous Web Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/misc.html Navigation Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/navigation.html PHP Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/php.html Sites & Blogs Listing. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/sites.html Standards, Guidelines & Pattern Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/standards.html Tool Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/tools.html Typography Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/type.html Usability Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/usability.html XML Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/xml.html [Section two ends.] ++END NOTES. + SUBSCRIPTION INFO. WEB DESIGN UPDATE is available by subscription. For information on how to subscribe and unsubscribe please visit: https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/webdev_listserv.html The Web Design Reference Site also has a RSS 2.0 feed for site updates. + TEXT EMAIL NEWSLETTER (TEN). As a navigation aid for screen readers we do our best to conform to the accessible Text Email Newsletter (TEN) guidelines. Please let me know if there is anything else we can do to make navigation easier. For TEN guideline information please visit: http://www.headstar.com/ten + SIGN OFF. Until next time, Laura L. Carlson Information Technology Systems and Services University of Minnesota Duluth Duluth, MN U.S.A. 55812-3009 mailto:lcarlson@d.umn.edu [Issue ends.]