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• Index
• UMD Library On-Line
• Writing Labs and Assistance
• 8.14 Citing Electronic or Internet Resource
• APA Bibliographic Format   (PowerPoint)

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Introduction and References

For Multilingual Writers -- The New St. Martin's HandbooK

1.00 Problem (Topic) Selection

2.00 Problem Statement (Preliminary Outline)

3.00 Collecting Material

• 3.01 In the Library

  1. On-line Library Catalog
     • Go To
     • Information About
  2. UMD Library Homepage
     • Electronic Resources (Notes)
       • Indexes (Notes)
       • Periodicals (Notes)
       • Reference (Notes)
       • Government
       • Library Catalog
       • News
       • Web Resources
       • Other Libraries
     • Hours, Staff, Maps
     • Research Guides (Pathfinders and Bibliographies)
     • Services and Forms
     • Library Catalog
     • Frequently Asked Questions
     • Collections (Notes)
       • General
       • Indexes (Notes)
       • Periodicals (Notes)
       • Reference (Notes)
     • Interlibrary Loan (Notes)
     • What's New

• 3.02 Bibliography/Bibliography Cards

• 3.03 Notes/Note Cards

4.00 Literature Review and Note Taking

• 4.01 Basic Reference Sources

• 4.02 General Journals

• 4.03 Anthropology/Archaeology

• 4.04 Criminal Justice

• 4.05 Geography

• 4.06 Sociology

• 4.07 Non-Print Media

• 4.08 Humanities

• 4.09 Classics

• 4.10 American Studies

• 4.11 WorldWide Web Sites

5.00 Evaluation/Selection of Materials

6.00 Writing the Outline and Headings for Your Paper

• 6.01 Recommended Outline

• 6.02 Seriation within a Paragraph or Sentence

7.00 Writing the Paper

• 7.01 Introduction to Paper

• 7.02 Body of Paper

• 7.03 Conclusion(s)

• 7.04 List of References ("bibliography")

• 7.05 Abstract

• 7.06 Appendix

• 7.07 Helpful Hints

  1. Write to a Specific Audience
  2. Organize Your Paper
  3. Define Terms and Explain Concepts
  4. Use Examples
  5. Interpret Examples and Data
  6. Add Figures and Illustrations
  7. Interpret Quotations
  8. Avoid Generalizations
  9. Avoid Value-Laden Words
  10. Avoid "to be" Verbs
  11. Use Active Voice and Action Verbs
  12. Use Concrete Words
  13. Avoid Slang and Jargon
  14. Speak Directly to the Subject
  15. Use Appropriate Transitions
  16. Omit Needless Words
  17. Use Parallel Construction
  18. Briefly Present Opposing Views
  19. Include Personal Experiences
  20. Emphasize Your Own Ideas
  21. Use Nonsexist Language
  22. Revise Paper Carefully

8.00 Some Matters of Style

(punctuation, mechanics spelling/diction, documentation)

• 8.01 Punctuation

• 8.02 Numbers

• 8.03 Spelling

• 8.04 Capitalization

• 8.05 Italics

• 8.06 Cited Titles

• 8.07 Quotations

• 8.08 APA In-text Citations

• 8.09 In-text Rules and Examples

• 8.10 References: Books, Manuscripts, Reports

• 8.11 References: Articles and Short Works

• 8.12 References: Reviews and Notes

• 8.13 References: Non-Print Media, Lectures, Personal Communications, and Legal Materials

• 8.14 Citing Electronic or Internet Resource

• 8.15 Order of References

9.00 Preparing the Final Draft

• 9.01 Title Page

• 9.02 Short Title

• 9.03 Margins

• 9.04 Spacing and Indentation

• 9.05 Page Numbers

• 9.06 Content Notes

• 9.07 Tables, Figures, Illustrations, Diagrams

• 9.08 Order of Paper's Parts

10.00 Proofreading

11.00 Symbols/Abbreviations for Revision

12.00 Criteria for Assessing Quality of Papers

• 12.01 Statement of Problem

• 12.02 Description of Method

• 12.03 Presentation of Results

• 12.04 Interpretation

  13.00 Writing Assistance

  14.00 Sample First Page of Text

  15.00 Sample (Content) Endnotes ("Footnotes")

  16.00 Sample Research Papers

  • American Studies
  • Anthropology
  • Classics
  • Criminology
  • Humanities
  • Sociology

  17.00 Appendix A: Library Materials

  1. 17.01 Dewey and Library of Congress Outlines

  2. 17.02 Library of Congress Subject Headings -- not operative

  3. 17.03 Examples of Periodical Index Entries -- not operative

  4. 17.04 The New York Times Index Sample Entry -- not operative

  5. 17.05 Sociological Abstracts Example -- not operative

  18.00 Writing Guide Acknowledgements

   

   

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This guide presents a brief and selective treatment of the subject. For more detailed information see: The Purdue OWL Online Writing Lab Hodges, J. C., & Whitten, M. E. (1986). Harbrace College Handbook (10th ed.). New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. Lunsford, Andrea (2008). The St. Martin's Handbook (6th ed.). New York: St. Martin's Press.

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