University of Minnesota Duluth block M and wordmark

   
   A    B    C    D    E    F    G    H    I    J    K    L    M    N    O    P    Q    R    S    T    U    V    W    X    Y    Z 
Google advanced
 
Google scholar
 
Google images
 
Google Translate
 
Google URL Shortener
 
Blenco Search
 
Wikipedia
 
Wiktionary
 
The World Fact Book -- CIA
 
UMD Library Catalog

 Anthropology in the News


ANTH 3888: Calendar Spring 2024

Due Dates
[Spring 2024 calendar]

Canvas Modules for Class Participants Spring 2024 [calendar]
Canvas Simple Syllabus Spring 2024 (.pdf)

Canvas
TR HomePage
TR Courses

Anthropology of Food



to Sweet Treats around the World

What FoodAnthro is Reading Now . . .
. Tuesday, 19 March 2024, 03:59 (03:59 AM) CDT, day 079 of 2024 .
 
BBC Food
The Gardian News / The Gardian Animals Farmed /

Wikipedia: Food | Food and drink | Food culture | Food history | Food Portal

Wikipedia Categories: Food and Drink | History of Food and Drink | Historical Foods

World Food and Water Clock

OWL logo, Online Writing Lab, Purdue University.    
 
     
Sicilian ice-cream in a bread bun. A good solution to a local problem: the Mediterranean heat quickly melts the ice-cream, which is absorbed by the bread.
"Palermo, Sicily
Italy
A Fistful of Rice.
A Fistfull of Rice
Nepal
Claire Kathleen Roufs eating first food at 5 months.
Claire Kathleen Roufs
U.S.A.

Eating rat.
"Eating Rat At The New Year"
Vietnam
National Geographic
Desert People, boy eating "grub worm"
Desert People
Australia

Search the troufs Site
(all TR courses and web pages)
Anthroplogy of Food
top of pageA-Z index  
Canvas 
TR HomePage
 

In the News . . .

top of pageA-Z index  
Canvas 
TR HomePage

 




Aztec statuary of a male figure holding a cacao pod.

Aztec statuary
of a male figure holding a cacao pod

Wikipedia


 

 Scientists believe the first cacao beverages were sipped from vessels like this one, which was found in northern Honduras.

Scientists believe the first cacao beverages were sipped from vessels like this one, which was found in northern Honduras.

New analyses of similar pottery fragments suggest people have been enjoying chocolate for more than 3,000 years—about 500 years earlier than previously believed



Oscar Ortega, Jackson, WY
 Oscar Ortega
 International Award-Winning Chocolatier
 Facebook


The True History of Chocolate, 2nd Ed., Sophie and Michael Coe.


Russell Stover chocolates.

Russell Stover, nephew to his namesake who created the candy company, served on the City Council of Duluth, MN from 2000-2008
 Facebook



Belgian Chocolate
Belgian Double Chocolate

Codex: Mixtec marriage, with chocolate gift.

"Since Pre-Columbian Mixtec documents are mainly concerned with histories, they record historical events such as royal births, wars and battles, royal marriages, forging of alliances, pilgrimages, and death of rulers. In addition to the calendrical signs used for dating events and naming individuals, the Mixtecs used a combination of conventionalized pictures as well as glyphs to illustrate the type and nature of the event. An example is … the wedding scene, usually shown as as two individuals of opposite sex facing each other and sitting on jaguar-pelt chairs, as illustrated by this example from the Codex Nuttall recording the marriage of the legendary Mixtec king 8 Deer "Tiger Claw" of Tilantongo to Lady 12 Snake on the day 13 Snake of the year 13 Reed (1051 CE)."

"This arrangement of the bride and groom is a purely pictorial convention, with no connection to the language. This means that no idiom or phrase in the Mixtec language describing two people sitting facing each other is a metaphor for marriage. However, the cup of chocolate held by Lady 13 Snake may represent the expression ynodzehua, which means "dowry" in Mixtec, where the root dzehua means "chocolate". Chocolate or cacao was one of the most expensive and luxurious products in Mesoamerica, and cacao beans were used as currency. It is no surprise the word for dowry would be based on chocolate."

ancientscripts.com/mixtec


 Map of Cacao Producing Regions of Colonial Mexico

top of pageA-Z index  
Canvas 
TR HomePage
Chocolate, Scavina 6.
Scavina-6
Chocolate Connoisseur

Cocoa beans in a cocoa pod.

Cocoa beans in a cocoa pod

Wikipedia

 

top of pageA-Z index  
Canvas 
TR HomePage
Chocolate covered catepillars.

Chocolate bar 88%.  

top of pageA-Z index  
Canvas 
TR HomePage

 
AF Index of Major Items s2024
AF 1.0 "Sunday Memos"   AF 2.0 Video Schedule
AF 3.0 Slides Schedule   AF 4.0 Text Assignments Schedule
AF 5.0 Other (check Canvas)     AF 6.0 Exams . . . (wk-6 and wk-16)
AF 7.0 REM: Work on Project   AF 8.0 Discussion(s)
AF Main Due Dates   AF Spring 2024 Calendar
    AF Summer 2024 Calendar

© 1998 - 2024 Timothy G. Roufs — All rights reserved
    Envelope: E-mail 

Page URL: http:// www.d.umn.edu /cla/faculty/troufs/anthfood/afchocolate.html
Site Information / Disclaimers ~ Main A-Z Index

 

View Stats

Cholate bar 99%.

 Cadbury