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How to Cite Electronic Information

Questions Wecome!

***All citations on a References page should be double-spaced. To save space, our examples have not been double-spaced. Please note that the examples display best on regular computer screens, not devices. All lines should indent except the first line.

Citing Business Databases in APA Style

Academic Search Premier on EBSCO
Advertising Red Books
Annual Reports

BizMiner
Business Analyst Online (BAO)
Business & Industry
Business Insights: Essentials
Business Source Premier
Census.gov
Commodity & Industry Codes
Consumer Expenditure Survey (BLS)
Corporate Affiliations
Datamonitor
DemographicsNow
Duns Key Business Ratios
EconLit
EDGAR
EIU Country Commerce
Emerald
Euromonitor
Europa World
globalEDGE
Health & Human Resources Total Connect
Historical Statistics of the United States
Hoover's
IBIS Industry Market Research

Investext Plus
Kiss, Bow or Shake Hands
MasterFile Premier
Mergent Online
Mergent WebReports
Mintel
Morningstar Investment Research Center
National Trade Estimate Report on Foreign Trade Barriers
OECD iLibrary
Passport (GMID) by Euromonitor
PC/TAS (CD-ROM)
ProQuest Digital Dissertations
ReferenceUSA
Research Insight (PCs on the library's 2nd floor can access Research Insight)
RIA Checkpoint
RMA eStatement Studies
S&P NetAdvantage
SimplyMap
Sports Business Research Network SBRnet 
SRDS Media Planning Platform (Kantar)
Tax Management Portfolios Plus
USITC Trade Database
Wall Street Journal
WestLaw
World Development Indicators (WDI)

Other Citation Reference Sources

top Academic Search Premier on EBSCO

Quinn, R.G. (2004). Mothers, molls, and misogynists: resisting Italian
     womanhood in the Sopranos. Journal of American Culture, 27(2),
     166-174. Retrieved July 5, 2005, from Academic Search Premier EBSCO database.


topAdvertising Red Books

Advertising Red Books. (2009). Energizer Holdings, Inc [company profile]. Retrieved March 6,
     2009, from http://www.redbooks.com.


topAnnual Reports

Wells Fargo. (2008). 2007 Annual report. Retrieved from
     https://www.wellsfargohistory.com/download/annualreports/2007annualreport_wf.pdf.


topBizMiner

BizMiner. (2011). Aerobic dance and exercise classes: industry financial profile (5 year).
     Retrieved April 5, 2011 from https://www.bizminer.com/.


 Business Analyst Online (BAO)

Esri. (2013). (Name of BAO type of report and Geographical area).
    Retrieved November 30, 2015 from the Business Analyst Online database
    located at https://www.d.umn.edu/~jvileta/FAQs/bao-link.html.

topBusiness Insights: Essentials

Gale Group. (2009). Facebook, Inc. [company profile]. Retrieved March 28, 2009, from the
    Business Insights: Essentials database.

Gale Group. (2008). Facebook, Inc. International directory of company histories. Retrieved
     March 28, 2009, from the Business Insights: Essentials database.

Gale Group. (2008). Aircraft. Encyclopedia of american industries. Retrieved March 28, 2009,
     from the Business Insights: Essentials database.

Garcia, B. (2006, December 14). Starbucks Coffee launches 'Black Apron Exclusives'. Kuwait Times, pNA.
     Retrieved December 21, 2006 from Business Insights: Essentials database.

Kiviat, B. (2006, December 18). The big gulp at Starbucks. Time, 168, 124.
    Retrieved December 21, 2006 from Business Insights: Essentials database.

Miller, C.C. (2008, December 5). Twitter's dance With Facebook.  New York Times, p. B6.
     Retrieved from the Business Insights: Essentials database.

"Top social networking sites worldwide, 2007" (2007, November 1). Wall Street Journal, p. B3.
    Reproduced in Market share reporter 2009. Retrieved from the Business Insights: Essentials database.


topBusiness & Industry

U.S. socks producers seek Honduran relief. (2007, October 21). Women's Wear Daily, p. 21.
     Retrieved from Business & Industry database.


topBusiness Insight

Pharmaceutical market outlook to 2018. (2008, November).
    Retrieved from http://www.gbusinessinsights.com.


topBusiness Source Premier

Steinberg, B. (2008, December 1). Repeat ad nauseam: TV spots risk driving consumers
     away. Advertising Age, 79(44), p1-10, 2p. Retrieved from Business Source Premier
     database.

Datamonitor. (2007, June 23). VF Corporation [company profile]. Retrieved from Business
     Source Premier database.

Global Insight. (2008, January) Austria Country Monitor. Retrieved from Business Source
     Premier database.


topCensus.gov

Population data:

U.S. Census Bureau. (2006-08). Guildford County, North Carolina -- Income in the Past 12 Months.
     [Table]. Retrieved from https://www.census.gov.

Economic Census:

U.S. Census Bureau. (2007). Retail Trade: Geographic Area Series: Summary  Statistics for the
     United States, States, Metro Areas, Counties, and Places: 2007. [Table].
     Retrieved from https://www.census.gov.

County Business Patterns:

U.S. Census Bureau. (2007). Forsyth County, North Carolina -- 2007 County Business Patterns
     NAICS). [Table]. Retrieved from https://www.census.gov.


topCommodity and Industry Codes

Harmonized codes:

U.S. Census Bureau. (2008). Schedule B 2008, Chapter 60. Retrieved from
     https://www.usitc.gov/publications/docs/tata/hts/bychapter/0800c60.pdf.

NAICS codes:

U.S. Census Bureau. (2007). 2007 NAICS definitions, 448110, Men's Clothing Stores.
    
Retrieved from
https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk.

SIC codes:

Occupational Safety & Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. (1987). SIC description for 2251.
    Retrieved from http://www.osha.gov/pls/imis/sic_manual.display?id=488&tab=description.

SITC codes:

United Nations Statistical Division. (2008). SITC rev. 4 code 573.11. Retrieved from
     https://unstats.un.org/unsd/cr/registry/regcs.asp?Cl=28&Lg=1&Co=573.11.


topConsumer Expenditure Survey (BLS)

Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2008). Race of reference person: Shares of average annual
     expenditures and sources of income, Consumer Expenditure Survey [Table]. Retrieved
     from http://www.bls.gov/cex/.


topCorporate Affiliations

CorporateAffiliations.com. (2009). Energizer Holdings, Inc [company profile]. Retrieved
     March 6, 2009, from http://www.corporateaffiliations.com.


topDatamonitor

Datamonitor. (2004). Bayerische Motoren Werke company profile.
    Retrieved Feb. 6, 2004, from Datamonitor Business Information Center.


topDemographicsNow

DemographicsNow. (2009). Data retrieved March 31, 2009, from
     http://library.demographicsnow.com.

DemographicsNow. (2009). Map retrieved March 31, 2009, from
     http://library.demographicsnow.com.


topDuns & Bradstreet Key Business Ratios

Dun and Bradstreet. (2008). Ratios for SIC 2893.
     Retrieved February 22, 2009, from http://investor.dnb.com/financials-keyRatios.cfm.


topEconLit

Herrman, M.  (2010). Monopoly pricing of an antibiotic subject to bacterial resistance.
     Journal of Health Economics,
29, 137-50.
     doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2009.11.007.

[EconLit usually provides the DOI (Digitial Object Identifier), which APA requires you to use instead of "Retrieved from EconLit."]


topEDGAR

General Electric. (2003, April 10). 10-Q. Retrieved May 2, 2002 from EDGAR database.


topEIU Country Commerce

Economist Intelligence Unit. (2008). Country commerce: Egypt.
    Retrieved March 22, 2009, from EIU Country Commerce database.


topEmerald

Paraponaris, C. (2003) Third generation R&D and strategies for knowledge Journal of
    Knowledge Management, 7 (5),124 - 136. Retrieved 15 Apr, 2004 from Emerald
    Fulltext database.


topeStatement Studies

Risk Management Association. (2010). Financial ratio benchmarks for NAICS 312130.
    Retrieved January 31, 2010 from RMA eStatement Studies database.


topEuromonitor - now Passport (GMID)

Euromonitor. (2013). Statistics retrieved March 22, 2012, from Euromonitor Passport Database.

Euromonitor. (2013). Clothing Retailers in The UK, July 2012.
    Retrieved November 22, 2013, from Euromonitor Passport Database.


topEuropa World

German, R.& Taylor, E. (n.d.). Economy - Egypt.
     Retrieved January 10, 2009, from http://www.europaworld.com.


topglobalEDGE

MSU-CIBER globalEDGE. (2007). Country insights: Ireland.
     Retrieved January 10, 2007, from globalEDGE database.


topHealth & Human Resources Total Connect

Garrison, L. (2003). Tax incentives for doing business on Indian reservations. The Tax
     Magazine, 80
(5), 39. Retrieved from http://tax.cchgroup.com.

Braitman, M. B. et al. (2008, December). Worker, retiree, and employer recovery act of
     2008: law, explanation & analysis.
Retrieved from http://tax.cchgroup.com.


topHistorical Statistics of the United States

Historical Statistics of the United States Millennial Edition Online. (2006).
     Female-to-male earnings ratios: 1815-1987 [Table].
     Retrieved from http://hsus.cambridge.org.

Margo, R. (2006). Wages and wage inequality. In Historical Statistics of the
     United States Millennial Edition Online.
Retrieved from http://hsus.cambridge.org. [This cite is for an essay, not a table]


topHoover's Company Profiles

Hoover's. (2009, December 16). Apple Computer, Inc. Hoover's Company Records - In-Depth Records.
     Retrieved from LexisNexis Academic database.

Hoover's Inc. (2015, April 15). Starbucks Corporation. Hoover's CompanyProfiles.
     Retrieved April 21, 2015 from WestlawNext database.


topIBIS Industry Market Research

IBIS. (2008, November 5). Family clothing stores in the US.
     Retrieved from http://www.ibisworld.com.


topInvestext Plus

Threadgill, H. (2003, Nov. 12). Apparel & footwear 2003 forecast -- industry report.
    Lehman Brothers, Inc. Retrieved December 2, 2004, from Investext Plus database.


topKiss, Bow or Shake Hands

Morrison, T. and Conaway, W.A. (2008). Tips for doing business in Brazil. In Kiss, bow or shake hands. 
    Retrieved January 30, 2008, from https://www.worldcat.org/title/kiss-bow-or-shake-hands-the-bestselling-guide-to-doing-business-in-more-than-60-countries/oclc/647105256


topMasterFile Premier

Smith, R. (2005). California Taps Updated Meters To Save Energy.
    Wall Street Journal - Eastern Edition. 245 (92), B1.
     Retrieved May 12, 2005 from MasterFile Premier database.


topMergent Online

Mergent Online Mergent. (2008). North America aviation sectors: A company and industry analysis.
    Retrieved April 3, 2009 from Mergent Online database.


topMergent WebReports

Mergent. (2006, June). The North America retailing sectors. Retrieved August 15, 2006,
     from Mergent WebReports database.


topMintel

Mintel. (2008, December). Breakfast foods: the consumer - US.
    Retrieved from http://academic.mintel.com.


topMorningstar Investment Research Center

Morningstar. (2009). Vanguard Global Equity [mutual fund report].
    Retrieved March 23, 2009, from http://library.morningstar.com.

Morningstar. (2009). Krispy Kreme Doughnut [stock data].
    Retrieved March 3, 2009, from http://library.morningstar.com.

Whiston, D. (2008, November 12). Ford Motor Company analyst note.
    Retrieved March 23, 2009, from http://library.morningstar.com.


topNational Trade Estimate Report on Foreign Trade Barriers

Office of the United States Trade Representative. (2008). Brazil. National trade estimate
     report on foreign trade barriers
. Retrieved from http://www.ustr.gov.


topOECD iLibrary

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2009). Main economic indicators. Data
     retrieved March 2, 2010 from http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org.

International Energy Agency, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
     (2009). World energy outlook 2009. Retrieved from http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org.


top Passport (GMID) by Euromonitor

Euromonitor. (2013). Statistics.
   Retrieved March 22, 2012, from Euromonitor Passport Database.

Euromonitor. (2013). Clothing Retailers in The UK, July 2012.
    Retrieved November 22, 2013, from Euromonitor Passport Database.


topPC/TAS (CD-ROM)

International Trade Centre, United Nations Statistical Division. (2009).
    Data retrieved March 10, 2009, from the Trade Analysis System database.


topProQuest Digital Dissertations

McIntyre, K.S. (2005). Understanding a climate for customer service.
     Retrieved August 14, 2007 from ProQuest Digital Dissertations. (AAT 3185524)
     In-text citation: (McIntyre, 2005)


topReferenceUSA

ReferenceUSA. (2009). Crawford Textiles Company Inc. profile. Retrieved 
     March 22, 2009, from http://www.referenceusa.com.


topResearch Insight

Standard & Poor's. (2005, January 31). Composite Annual Ratio Report for SIC 2844.
     Retrieved March 23, 2005, from Research Insight Version 7.6 [CD-ROM].


topRIA Checkpoint

RIA. (2008). 2009 RIA federal tax handbook. Retrieved from RIA Checkpoint database.

Murthy, V. (2008, January/February). Why paying severance has become like walking a
     tax law minefield. Journal of Corporate Taxation, 2008, 40-44. Retrieved from
     RIA Checkpoint database.


topRMA eStatement Studies

Risk Management Association. (2010). Financial ratio benchmarks for NAICS 312130.
     Retrieved January 31, 2010 from RMA eStatement Studies database.


topSimplyMap

Geographic Research. (2009). Mediamark data retrieved March 10, 2009, from
    http://www.simplymap.com.

Geographic Research. (2009). Map downloaded March 10, 2009, from
     http://www.simplymap.com.


topS&P NetAdvantage

Standard and Poor's. (2008, December 20). General Electric. Standard & Poor's Stock Reports.
    Retrieved from https://library.ccis.edu/company-industry-info/netadvantage

Standard and Poor's. (2008, December 18). Airlines. Standard & Poor's Industry Surveys.
    
Retrieved from https://library.ccis.edu/company-industry-info/netadvantage


topSports Business Research Network (SBRnet)

Sports Business Research Network. (2007). Statistics retrieved August 24, 2007, from
    Sports Business Research Network (SBRnet) database.

Sports Business Research Network. (2004, June 21). Fifth bowl game for college football.
     SportsPipe. Retrieved January 10, 2007, from Sports Business Research Network
     (SBRnet) database.


topSRDS Media Planning Platform (Kantar):

Time magazine profile. (2004). Consumer Magazine Advertising Source. Retrieved
     November 22, 2004 from SRDS Media Planning Platform (Kantar) database.

SRDS Service Guides
SRDS PRIZM Groups Definitions
SRDS Claritas Prizm


topTax Management Portfolios Plus

Lischer, H. J., Jr. (n.d.). Estates, gifts and trusts portfolios: estate tax: Portfolio 832-1st:
    
Estate Tax Payments and Liabilities. Retrieved March 2, 2009, from      
    http://www.referenceusa.com.


topUSITC Trade Database

United States International Trade Commission. (2009). Trade data retrieved
     March 11, 2009, from http://dataweb.usitc.gov.


topWall Street Journal (via Proquest)

DeYoung, R. (2009, April 14). Congress takes aim at payday loans. Wall Street Journal, A13.
    Retrieved from ProQuest Wall Street Journal database.

Henry Ford’s experiment may be the new found justice; gift of $10,000,000 to employees
     called advertising; effect of working men on eight-hour shifts. (1914, January 8).
     Wall Street Journal,
p2. Retrieved from ProQuest Historical Newspapers database.

   [In many old WSJ articles, no author is given, so the title goes first.]


topWestLaw

Murphy, R. (2007, August 7). Fashion brands use scarcity as strategy with limited editions.
     Women’s Wear Daily, 194(27), 1-18. Retrieved from Westlaw database.


topWorld Development Indicators (WDI)

World Bank. (2009). Data retrieved March 2, 2009, from World
     Development Indicators Online (WDI) database.


 

topOther Citation Reference Sources Plus MLA Style

APA Reference List - Citing for a Website
APA Citation: Start
APA Citation Style Guide
APA Guide for Business Students:  APA citation from University Library
APA Research Style Crib Sheet
APA Style Help
Citing Business Databases in APA Style
MLA Style for Electronic sources
Citing Business Sources
Citation style Guide(APA, MLA, Chicago)
FAQ's about APA Style

Last Update: December 18, 2019

 

  jim vileta

Compiled by Jim Vileta
former Business Librarian

Need books, media or classroom instruction? Contact Kim Pittman.

Need help with research or finding information? Contact libaskus@d.umn.edu


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